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Dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis)

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Dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis)

Dermatomyositis, polymyositis (myositis) - is an autoimmune connective tissue disease, mainly affecting the striated and smooth muscles and skin, frequent involvement in the process of internal organs. In the absence of skin lesions, the term polymyositis (myositis).

Polymyositis (myositis) characterized by diffuse inflammation of the muscles. Polymyositis (myositis) shows increasing weakness and soreness of the neck muscles, larynx, throat, shoulder and pelvic girdle, proximal extremities and respiratory muscles.

On the background of dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis) may join myocarditis and pneumonitis. When dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis), characterized by a sharp increase in activity of creatine in the blood.

It is assumed that in the pathogenesis of the disease polymyositis (myositis) involves T lymphocytes and antibodies against tRNA synthetase. RNA synthetases - enzymes, protein synthesis, which provide connection to the amino acid tRNAs.

Localization of the typical painful trigger points in fibromyalgia (muscle pain).

Dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis) diagnosis, autoantibodies to Jo-1 antigen

Diagnosis of dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis) begins with the examination by a doctor or physician rheumatologist. According to the results of inspection can be assigned to additional laboratory medical tests of blood serum. For suspected dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis) to confirm the diagnosis is made as a diagnostic muscle biopsy and skin, depending on the extent of the process.

Autoantibodies to Jo-1 antigen detected in patients with polymyositis (successfully) and dermatomyositis in the analysis of serum.

 

Dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis) treatment

Getting treatment, it should be noted that dermatomyositis origin is idiopathic (primary) and paraneoplastic (secondary), representing 14-30% of all cases of the disease. Most often secondary dermatomyositis occurs in lung cancer, colon, prostate, ovary, as well as hemoblastosis. The emergence of dermatomyositis in patients older than 60 years, almost always indicates a tumor of its origin.

Treatment program in idiopathic (primary) demratomiozite:

  1. Dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis) treatment by glucocorticoids
  2. Dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis) treatment by nonhormonal immunosuppressive (cytotoxic drugs)
  3. Dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis) treatment by aminoholinovymi compounds
  4. Dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis) treatment by NSAIDs
  5. Dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis) calcinosis treatment and muscle metabolism improving
  6. Therapeutic exercise in dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis)

Therapeutic exercise (gymnastics) plays an important role in preventing strain in dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis). In the acute phase of dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis) should perform daily passive movements of the joints in full, and if necessary to carry out immobilization to prevent strains (ankylosis), resulting from shortening of muscles (such as the horse's foot).

Use physiotherapy (infrared therapy) during treatment can reduce muscle spasm and muscle pain (fibromyalgia).
Use physiotherapy (infrared therapy) during treatment can reduce muscle spasm and muscle pain (fibromyalgia).

Later, dermatomyositis and polymyositis (myositis) should proceed to active movement. In the rehabilitation program can be turned on and restoration of function of the affected muscles with physical therapy (stimulation currents).