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Sjogren's syndrome (disease)

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Sjogren's syndrome (disease)

Sjogren's syndrome (disease) —is an autoimmune systemic failure of the connective tissue characterized by involvement in the pathological process of external secretion glands, mainly salivary and lacrimal, and a chronic progressive course.

Sjogren's syndrome - a chronic syndrome characterized by inflammation of exocrine glands, with a gradual development of their secretory deficiency, mainly affecting salivary and lacrimal glands, as well as the stomach, upper respiratory tract and vagina.

Two forms of Sjogren's syndrome: primary (Sjogren's disease) and secondary:

  1. Primary cider (or disease) is characterized by inflammation of the Sjogren's exocrine glands (mainly dry keratoconjunctivitis, xerostomia and parenchymatous parotitis) with the development of secretory failure, but no systemic disease of connective tissue and any autoimmune diseases
  2. Secondary Sjogren's syndrome develops in the presence of systemic connective tissue diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus), or autoimmune diseases (chronic active hepatitis, autoimmune thyroiditis, fibrosing alveolitis, etc.)

At the heart of both primary and secondary Sjogren's syndrome are immunogenetic predisposition to the disease and the development of autoimmune inflammation of exocrine glands with extensive in-lymphocytic infiltration of the salivary, lacrimal glands and x in the blood circulation of autoantibodies to the epithelial cells of these glands. At the origin of the disease play a role of viral infection and genetic predisposition.

Sjogren's syndrome (disease) diagnosis

Autoantibodies to components of SS-A and SS-B

Autoantibodies to components of SS-A and SS-B are present in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome. Detection of these antibodies can predict the development of such disease manifestations as vasculitis, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, anemia and leukopenia.

Of great importance is the determination of antibodies to a component of the SS-A in women during pregnancy as a factor in the development of congenital heart defects in the fetus.

 

Alpha-fodrin

Alpha-fodrin - intracellular organ-specific cytoskeleton protein. Established that the breakdown product 120 kDa alpha-fodrina - the major autoantigen in the pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmune response. Antibodies to alpha-fodrinu present in patients with both primary (95%) and with secondary Sjogren's syndrome (62.5%). These antibodies are determined in the early stages of the disease earlier than anti-SS-A or anti-SS-B-antibodies.

 

Antibodies to cathepsin G

Cathepsins are a group of intracellular proteases, which are localized mainly in lysosomes, primarily in the spleen, liver and kidneys. Cathepsin G is a serine protease. Antibodies to cathepsin G are found mostly in kollagenozah and other inflammatory rheumatic diseases - SLE, Sjogren's syndrome and Felty syndrome.

 

Sjogren's syndrome (disease) treatment

Treatment program for Sjogren's syndrome (disease) includes:

  1. The use of NSAID's syndrome (disease), Sjogren's
  2. Treatment of glucocorticosteroid therapy and cytostatics syndrome (disease), Sjogren's
  3. Treatment of inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes with the syndrome (disease), Sjogren's
  4. Treatment facilities, improve the microcirculation and regeneration of the syndrome (disease), Sjogren's
  5. Treatment of the underlying disease syndrome (disease), Sjogren's
  6. Local treatment of ophthalmologic syndrome (disease), Sjogren's
  7. Local treatment of dry mouth syndrome (disease), Sjogren's