Monodox
Monodox - General Information
A synthetic tetracycline derivative with similar antimicrobial activity. Animal studies suggest that it may cause less tooth staining than other tetracyclines. It is used in some areas for the treatment of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria (malaria, falciparum). [PubChem]
Pharmacology of Monodox
Monodox, a long-acting tetracycline derived from oxytetracycline, is used to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis and treat non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis, exacerbations of bronchitis in patients with COPD, and adult periodontitis.
Monodox for patients
Mechanical oral hygiene procedures (i.e., tooth brushing, flossing) should be avoided on any treated areas for 7 days.
Avoid excessive sunlight or artificial ultraviolet light while receiving doxycycline.
Doxycycline may decrease the effectiveness of birth control pills.
Monodox Interactions
Because tetracyclines have been shown to depress plasma prothrombin activity, patients who are on anticoagulant therapy may require downward adjustment of their anticoagulant dosage.
Since bacteriostatic drugs may interfere with the bactericidal action of penicillin, it is advisable to avoid giving tetracyclines in conjunction with penicillin.
Absorption of tetracyclines is impaired by antacids containing aluminum, calcium, or magnesium, and iron-containing preparations.
Absorption of tetracycline is impaired by bismuth subsalicylate.
Barbiturates, carbamazepine, and phenytoin decrease the half-life of doxycycline.
The concurrent use of tetracycline and Penthrane (methoxyflurane) has been reported to result in fatal renal toxicity.
Concurrent use of tetracycline may render oral contraceptives less effective.
Drug/Laboratory Test Interactions
False elevations of urinary catecholamine levels may occur due to interference with the fluorescence test.
Monodox Contraindications
This drug is contraindicated in persons who have shown hypersensitivity to any of the tetracyclines.
Additional information about Monodox
Monodox Indication: For the treatment of infections caused by susceptible organisms.
Mechanism Of Action: Monodox, like minocycline, is lipophilic and can pass through the lipid bilayer of bacteria. Monodox reversibly binds to the 30 S ribosomal subunits and possibly the 50S ribosomal subunit(s), blocking the binding of aminoacyl tRNA to the mRNA and inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.
Drug Interactions: Acitretin Increased risk of intracranial hypertension
Amobarbital The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Amoxicillin Possible antagonism of action
Ampicillin Possible antagonism of action
Anisindione The tetracycline increases the anticoagulant effect
Aprobarbital The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Azlocillin Possible antagonism of action
Aztreonam Possible antagonism of action
Carbenicillin Possible antagonism of action
Butabarbital The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Butalbital The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Butethal The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Carbamazepine The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Clavulanate Possible antagonism of action
Cloxacillin Possible antagonism of action
Cyclacillin Possible antagonism of action
Dicloxacillin Possible antagonism of action
Dicumarol The tetracycline increases the anticoagulant effect
Digoxin The tetracycline increases the effect of digoxin in 10% of patients
Dihydroquinidine barbiturate The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Ethinyl Estradiol This anti-infectious agent could decrease the effect of the oral contraceptive
Ethotoin The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Etretinate Increased risk of intracranial hypertension
Flucloxacillin Possible antagonism of action
Fosphenytoin The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Heptabarbital The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Hetacillin Possible antagonism of action
Hexobarbital The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Insulin Tetracycline increases the risk of hypoglycemia
Insulin-aspart Tetracycline increases the risk of hypoglycemia
Insulin-detemir Tetracycline increases the risk of hypoglycemia
Insulin-glargine Tetracycline increases the risk of hypoglycemia
Insulin-glulisine Tetracycline increases the risk of hypoglycemia
Insulin-lispro Tetracycline increases the risk of hypoglycemia
Isotretinoin Increased risk of intracranial hypertension
Mephenytoin The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Mestranol This anti-infectious agent could decrease the effect of the oral contraceptive
Mezlocillin Possible antagonism of action
Methohexital The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Methylphenobarbital The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Nafcillin Possible antagonism of action
Oxacillin Possible antagonism of action
Penicillin G Possible antagonism of action
Penicillin V Possible antagonism of action
Phenobarbital The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Pentobarbital The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Phenytoin The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Piperacillin Possible antagonism of action
Primidone The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Quinidine barbiturate The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Rifabutin The rifamycin decreases the effect of doxycycline
Rifampin The rifamycin decreases the effect of doxycycline
Secobarbital The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Talbutal The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline
Warfarin The tetracycline increases the anticoagulant effect
Aluminium Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Methotrexate The tetracycline increases methotrexate toxicity
Magnesium oxide Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Magnesium Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Attapulgite Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Bacampicillin Possible antagonism of action
Bismuth Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Calcium Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Iron Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Meticillin Possible antagonism of action
Zinc Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Acenocoumarol The tetracycline increases the anticoagulant effect
Pivampicillin Possible antagonism of action
Pivmecillinam Possible antagonism of action
Tazobactam Possible antagonism of action
Ticarcillin Possible antagonism of action
Food Interactions: Avoid alcohol.
Avoid milk, calcium containing dairy products, iron, antacids, or aluminum salts 2 hours before or 6 hours after using antacids while on this medication.
Take with a full glass of water Do not take calcium, aluminum, magnesium or Iron supplements within 2 hours of taking this medication.
Generic Name: Doxycycline
Synonyms: Doxcycline anhydrous; Doxycycline Hyclate; Doxycycline Monohydrate; Doxytetracycline
Drug Category: Antimalarials; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Tetracyclines
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved; Investigational
Other Brand Names containing Doxycycline: Alti-Doxycycline; Apo-Doxy; Atridox; Doryx; Doxy 100; Doxy-Caps; Doxy-Lemmon; Doxychel; Doxychel Hyclate; Doxycin; Doxylin; Doxytec; Jenacyclin; Monodox; Novo-Doxylin; Nu-Doxycycline; Periostat; Supracyclin; Vibra-Tabs; Vibramycin; Oracea;
Absorption: Completely absorbed following oral administration.
Toxicity (Overdose): Symptoms of overdose include anorexia, nausea, diarrhoea, glossitis, dysphagia, enterocolitis and inflammatory lesions (with monilial overgrowth) in the anogenital region, skin reactions such as maculopapular and erythematous rashes, exfoliative dermatitis, photosensitivity, hypersensitivity reactions such as urticaria, angioneurotic oedema, anaphylaxis, anaphyl-actoid purpura, pericarditis, and exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus, benign intracranial hypertension in adults disappearing on discontinuation of the medicine, haematologic abnormalities such as haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and eosinophilia. LD50=262 mg/kg (I.P. in rat).
Protein Binding: >90%
Biotransformation: Hepatic
Half Life: 18-22 hours
Dosage Forms of Monodox: Tablet Oral
Capsule Oral
Gel, metered Periodontal
Chemical IUPAC Name: (2Z,4S,4aR,5S,5aR,6R,12aS)-2-(amino-hydroxymethylidene)-4-dimethylamino-5,10,11,12a-tetrahydroxy-6-methyl-4a,5,5a,6-tetrahydro-4H-tetracene-1,3,12-trione
Chemical Formula: C22H24N2O8
Doxycycline on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doxycycline
Organisms Affected: Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria
