Garlic (ail, ajo, Allium sativum, camphor of the poor, da-suan, knoblauch, la-suan, nectar of the Gods, poor man's treacle, rust treacle, stinking rose)
Suggested dosing of ail, ajo (garlic)
Oral
Standardized extract
- 200-400 mg PO TID
Aged extract
- 600-7200 mg/d PO
Fresh
- 4 g (approx 1 clove) PO qD
Topical (Liquefied raw Garlic or Extract)
Apply to affected area TId
Suggested uses of ail, ajo (garlic)
CAD (prevention), cancer (prevention), circulation (enhancement), Helicobacter pylori infection, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, immunostimulant, menstrual disorders, tick repellant, tinea infections
Efficacy
Some conflicting data on serum lipid reduction; overall shown to be "modestly" effective in decreasing serum cholesteroL
Demonstrated to lower systolic & diastolic Bp
ail, ajo (garlic) adverse (side) effects
Frequency not defined
Anaphylaxis
Angioedema
Asthma
Bleeding
Conjunctivitis
Contact dermatitis (topical use)
Diarrhea
Eczema (topical use)
Flatulence
GI irritation/burning
GI upset
Heartburn
Nausea/vomiting
Rhinitis
Urticaria
Warnings
Contraindications
Bleeding disorders, surgery within 1-2 weeks
Cautions
Concurrent CYP 3A4 substrates, diabetes mellitus, GI infection, inflammatory bowel disease
Pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy category: N/A
Lactation: N/A
Pregnancy categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.
C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.
D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.
X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.
NA: Information not available.
Pharmacology of ail, ajo (garlic)
Decrease in cholesterol: 8-16 weeks
Hypotensive effects: 1-6 month
Metabolism: N/A
Excretion: N/A
Mechanism of action
Active constituent: allicin
Inhib. cholesterol biosynthesis
Inhib. platelet aggregation, thromboxane synthesis, lysosomal enzyme release; decr vascular musc. tone
Possible interference w/microbial structure, function