Donnamar
Donnamar - General Information
Donnamar is a chemical compound, a tropane alkaloid it is the levo-isomer to atropine. It is a secondary metabolite of some plants, particularly henbane (Hyoscamus niger.)
Donnamar is used to provide symptomatic relief to various gastrointestinal disorders including spasms, peptic ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, pancreatitis, colic and cystitis. It has also been used to relieve some heart problems, control some of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, as well as for control of respiratory secretions in end of life care.
Pharmacology of Donnamar
L-Donnamar, the active optical isomer of atropine (dl-hyoscyamine), is a tertiary amine anticholinergic gastrointestinal agent.
Donnamar for patients
Like other anticholinergic agents, LEVSIN may produce drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision. In this event, the patient should be warned not to engage in activities requiring mental alertness such as operating a motor vehicle or other machinery or to perform hazardous work while taking this drug.
Use of LEVSIN may decrease sweating resulting in heat prostration, fever or heat stroke; febrile patients or those who may be exposed to elevated environmental temperatures should use caution.
Donnamar Interactions
Additive adverse effects resulting from cholinergic blockade may occur when LEVSIN is administered concomitantly with other antimuscarinics, amantadine, haloperidol, phenothiazines, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants or some antihistamines. Antacids may interfere with the absorption of LEVSIN. Administer LEVSIN before meals; antacids after meals.
Donnamar Contraindications
Glaucoma; obstructive uropathy (for example, bladder neck obstruction due to prostatic hypertrophy); obstructive disease of the gastrointestinal tract (as in achalasia, pyloroduodenal stenosis); paralytic ileus, intestinal atony of elderly or debilitated patients; unstable cardiovascular status in acute hemorrhage; severe ulcerative colitis; toxic egacolon complicating ulcerative colitis; myasthenia gravis.
Additional information about Donnamar
Donnamar Indication: For treatment of bladder spasms, peptic ulcer disease, diverticulitis, colic, irritable bowel syndrome, cystitis, and pancreatitis. Also used to treat certain heart conditions, to control the symptoms of Parkinson's disease and rhinitis.
Mechanism Of Action: Donnamar competes favorably with acetylcholine for binding at muscarinic receptors in the salivary, bronchial, and sweat glands as well as in the eye, heart, and gastrointestinal tract. The actions of hyoscyamine result in a reduction in salivary, bronchial, gastric and sweat gland secretions, mydriasis, cycloplegia, change in heart rate, contraction of the bladder detrusor muscle and of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle, and decreased gastrointestinal motility.
Drug Interactions: Donepezil Possible antagonism of action
Galantamine Possible antagonism of action
Rivastigmine Possible antagonism of action
Haloperidol The anticholinergic increases the risk of psychosis and tardive dyskinesia
Food Interactions: Take 30 minutes before meals, and at bedtime.
Generic Name: Hyoscyamine
Synonyms: L-Tropine Tropate; L-Hyoscyamine; L-Hyoscamine; L-Hyopscyamine; L-Atropine; Hyocyamine
Drug Category: Antiarrhythmic Agents; Antimuscarinics; Antispasmodics; Bronchodilator Agents; Mydriatics
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Hyoscyamine: Anaspaz; Cystospaz; Daturine; Duboisine; Duretter; Egacene; Egazil; Gastrosed; Levbid; Levsin; Levsinex; OIN; Peptard; Scopolia Extract; Symax; Buwecon; Donnamar; NuLev; Neoquess;
Absorption: Absorbed totally and completely by sublingual administration as well as oral administration.
Toxicity (Overdose): Symptoms of overdose include headache, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, dilated pupils, hot dry skin, dizziness, dryness of the mouth, difficulty in swallowing, and CNS stimulation. LD50=mg/kg(orally in rat)
Protein Binding: 50%
Biotransformation: Hepatic
Half Life: 2-3.5 hours
Dosage Forms of Donnamar: Solution / drops Oral
Tablet Oral
Chemical IUPAC Name: (8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl) (2S)-3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate
Chemical Formula: C17H23NO3
Hyoscyamine on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyoscyamine
Organisms Affected: Humans and other mammals
