Obizur (Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant), Porcine Sequence] Powder for Intravenous Injection): Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning

PROFESSIONAL SIDE EFFECTS

Drug Description

What is Obizur and how is it used?

Obizur is a prescription medicine used to treat the symptoms of Congenital and Acquired Hemophilia A. Obizur may be used alone or with other medications.

Obizur belongs to a class of drugs called Coagulation Factors; Hemostatics.

It is not known if Obizur is safe and effective in children.

What are the possible side effects of Obizur?

Obizur may cause serious side effects including:

hives,
difficulty breathing,
swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat,
rash,
itching,
red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever,
wheezing,
tightness in the chest or throat,
trouble swallowing or talking,
unusual hoarseness,
dizziness,
fainting, and
shortness of breath

Get medical help right away, if you have any of the symptoms listed above.

The most common side effects of Obizur include:

headache,
burning, stinging, or swelling at the injection site,
diarrhea,
dizziness,
lightheadedness,
dry mouth,
bad taste in the mouth,
lack or loss of strength,
nosebleed,
redness of the face,
vomiting,
change in taste,
loss of taste,
feeling of warmth,
increased sweating,
irritability,
muscle or bone pain,
redness of the eye,
redness of the face, neck, arms, and upper chest,
redness of the skin,
stomach pain, and
vision changes

Tell the doctor if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.

These are not all the possible side effects of Obizur. For more information, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

DESCRIPTION

The active ingredient in OBIZUR is a recombinant (r) analogue of porcine factor VIII (pFVIII) with an approximate molecular weight of 170 kDa. The rpFVIII molecule in OBIZUR is a glycoprotein containing a 90 kDa heavy chain and a 80 kDa light chain. The B-domain normally present in naturally occurring porcine factor VIII has been replaced with a twenty-four amino acid linker. Once activated, the resulting rpFVIIIa has a comparable activity to the endogenous human FVIIIa.

OBIZUR is expressed in a genetically engineered baby hamster kidney (BHK) cell line which secretes rpFVIII into the cell culture medium, and the rpFVIII protein is purified using a series of chromatography and filtration steps. The production process includes two dedicated viral clearance steps - a solvent/detergent treatment step for viral inactivation and a nanofiltration step through a series of two 15-nm filters for removal of viruses. No additives of human or animal origin are used in the formulation of OBIZUR.

OBIZUR is formulated as a sterile, non-pyrogenic, lyophilized powder for intravenous injection after reconstitution with the diluent (Sterile Water for Injections). OBIZUR is available in single-use vials that nominally contain 500 units (U) per vial. When reconstituted with the diluent, the product contains the following components per mL: 8.8 mg sodium chloride, 0.04 mg Tris-base, 0.73 mg Tris-HCl, 1.47 mg tri-sodium citrate dehydrate, 0.15 mg calcium chloride dehydrate, 1.9 mg sucrose, and 0.05 mg polysorbate 80.

Each vial of OBIZUR is labeled with the actual rpFVIII activity expressed in units determined by a one-stage clotting assay, using a reference rpFVIII material calibrated against the World Health Organization (WHO) 8th International Standard for human FVIII concentrates. The specific activity of OBIZUR is in the range of 11000 - 18000 U per milligram of protein. The potency values of OBIZUR determined by the chromogenic assay vary and are approximately 20-50 % lower than those of the one-stage clotting assay.

Indications & Dosage

INDICATIONS

OBIZUR, Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant), Porcine Sequence, is a recombinant DNA derived, antihemophilic factor indicated for the ondemand treatment and control of bleeding episodes in adults with acquired hemophilia A.

Limitations Of Use

Safety and efficacy of OBIZUR has not been established in patients with baseline anti- porcine factor VIII inhibitor titer greater than 20 BU.
OBIZUR is not indicated for the treatment of congenital hemophilia A or von Willebrand disease.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

For intravenous use after reconstitution only.

Dose

Dose, dosing frequency, and duration of treatment with OBIZUR depend on the location and severity of bleeding episode, target factor VIII levels, and the patient's clinical condition. Monitor replacement therapy in cases of major surgery or life-threatening bleeding episodes.
Each vial of OBIZUR has the recombinant porcine factor VIII potency in units stated on the vial.
Patients may vary in their pharmacokinetic (e.g., half-life, in vivo recovery) and clinical responses. Titrate dose and frequency based on factor VIII recovery levels and individual clinical response.

A guide for dosing OBIZUR for the on-demand treatment and control of bleeding episodes is provided in Table 1. Maintain the factor VIII activity within the target range. Plasma levels of factor VIII should not exceed 200% of normal or 200 units per dL.

Table 1 Dosing for On-Demand Treatment and Control of Bleeding Episodes

Type of Bleeding	Factor VIII Level Required (Units per dL or % of normal)	Initial Dose (Units per kg)	Subsequent Dose	Frequency and Duration of Subsequent Dosing
Minor and Moderate Superficial muscle/no neurovascular compromise, and joint	50 to100	200	Titrate subsequent doses to maintain recommended factor VIII trough levels and individual clinical response	Dose every 4 to 12 hours, frequency may be adjusted based on clinical response and measured factor VIII levels
Major Moderate to severe intramuscular bleeding, retroperitoneal, gastrointestinal, intracranial	100 to 200 (To treat an acute bleed) 50 to100 (After acute bleed is controlled, if required)	200	Titrate subsequent doses to maintain recommended factor VIII trough levels and individual clinical response	Dose every 4 to 12 hours, frequency may be adjusted based on clinical response and measured factor VIII levels

Reconstitution

Use aseptic technique during the reconstitution procedure.
If the patient needs more than one vial of OBIZUR per injection, reconstitute each vial according to the following instructions:

Figure A

Remove the plastic cap from the OBIZUR vial - Illustration

Figure B

Peel back the cover of the vial adapter package. - Illustration

Figure C

Snap off the tamper resistant cap of the pre-filled syringe - Illustration

Figure D

While firmly holding the vial adapter package, connect the pre-filled syringe to the vial adapter by pushing the syringe tip down onto the luer lock in the center of the vial adapter, and turning it clockwise until the syringe is secured. Do not over tighten - Illustration

Figure E

Remove the vial adapter from the plastic package - Illustration

Figure F

Place the OBIZUR vial on a clean, flat, hard surface. Place the vial adapter over the OBIZUR vial and firmly push the filter spike of the vial adapter through the center of the OBIZUR vial's rubber circle until the clear plastic cap snaps onto the vial - Illustration

Figure G

Gently swirl (in a circular motion) the OBIZUR vial without removing the syringe until all of the powder is fully dissolved - Illustration

Figure H

With one hand hold the vial and vial adapter, and with the other hand firmly grasp the barrel of the pre-filled syringe and in a
counterclockwise motion unscrew the syringe from the vial adapter - Illustration

Bring the OBIZUR vial and the pre-filled diluent syringe to room temperature.
Remove the plastic cap from the OBIZUR vial (Figure A).
Wipe the rubber stopper with an alcohol swab (not supplied) and allow it to dry prior to use.
Peel back the cover of the vial adapter package. (Figure B). Do not to touch the luer-lock (tip) in the center of the vial adapter. Do not remove the vial adapter from the plastic package.
Place the vial adapter package on a clean surface with the luer-lock pointing up.
Snap off the tamper resistant cap of the pre-filled syringe (Figure C).
While firmly holding the vial adapter package, connect the pre-filled syringe to the vial adapter by pushing the syringe tip down onto the luer lock in the center of the vial adapter, and turning it clockwise until the syringe is secured. Do not over tighten (Figure D).
Remove the vial adapter from the plastic package (Figure E).
Place the OBIZUR vial on a clean, flat, hard surface. Place the vial adapter over the OBIZUR vial and firmly push the filter spike of the vial adapter through the center of the OBIZUR vial's rubber circle until the clear plastic cap snaps onto the vial (Figure F).
Push the plunger down to slowly inject all of the diluent from the syringe into the OBIZUR vial.
Gently swirl (in a circular motion) the OBIZUR vial without removing the syringe until all of the powder is fully dissolved (Figure G). The reconstituted solution should be inspected visually for particulate matter before administration. Do not use if particulate matter or discoloration is observed.
With one hand hold the vial and vial adapter, and with the other hand firmly grasp the barrel of the pre-filled syringe and in a counterclockwise motion unscrew the syringe from the vial adapter (Figure H).
Use OBIZUR within 3 hours after reconstitution when stored at room temperature.

Administration

For intravenous use after reconstitution only.

Inspect the reconstituted OBIZUR solution for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. The solution should be clear and colorless in appearance. Do not administer if particulate matter or discoloration is observed.
Do not administer OBIZUR in the same tubing or container with other medicinal products for infusion.

Figure I

Invert the vial; push the air in the syringe into the vial and withdraw the reconstituted OBIZUR into the syringe - Illustration

Once all vials have been reconstituted, connect a large syringe to the vial adapter by gently pushing the syringe tip down onto the luer lock in the center of the vial adapter, and turning clockwise until the syringe is secured.
Invert the vial; push the air in the syringe into the vial and withdraw the reconstituted OBIZUR into the syringe (Figure I).
Unscrew the large syringe counterclockwise from the vial adapter and repeat this process for all reconstituted vials of OBIZUR until the total volume to be administered is reached.
Administer the reconstituted OBIZUR intravenously at a rate of 1 to 2 mL per minute.

HOW SUPPLIED

Dosage Forms And Strengths

OBIZUR is available as a white lyophilized powder in single-use glass vials containing nominally 500 units per vial.

OBIZUR is supplied as a white lyophilized powder in single-use vials in the following package sizes:

Table 3 Supplied package sizes

Nominal Strength	Package Size	Kit NDC
500 units	1-vial package	0944-5001-01
500 units	5-vial package	0944-5001-05
500 units	10-vial package	0944-5001-10

Each package contains one package insert and appropriate number of each of the components listed below correlating to the vial package size:

Single-use vial of OBIZUR [NDC 0944-5011-01]
Pre-filled syringe with 1 mL Sterile Water for Injection [NDC 0944-0011-01]
Vial adapter with filter

The actual amount of OBIZUR in units is stated on the label of each vial.

Not made with natural rubber latex.

Storage And Handling

Store OBIZUR at refrigeration temperature of 2° to 8°C [36° to 46°F]. Do not freeze.
Store vials in the original package to protect from light.
Do not use beyond the expiration date printed on the carton or vial.
Use OBIZUR within 3 hours after reconstitution. Discard any unused reconstituted product if not used within 3 hours after reconstitution.
Do not use OBIZUR if the reconstituted solution is cloudy or has particulate matter.

Manufactured by: Baxalta US Inc. Lexington, MA 02421 USA. Revised: Jul 2020

Side Effects & Drug Interactions

SIDE EFFECTS

Common adverse reactions observed in greater than 5% of subjects in the clinical trial were development of inhibitors to porcine factor VIII.

Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction (AR) rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

The safety and efficacy of OBIZUR was evaluated in a multi-center, prospective, open-label, clinical trial that investigated adult patients with acquired hemophilia A. Twenty-nine adult subjects were enrolled in the study, received at least one dose of OBIZUR and were evaluable for safety [see Clinical Studies]. Of the 29 adult subjects, 10 were between the ages of 40 and 65, and 19 were 65 years of age or older (18 Caucasian, 6 African-American, and 5 Asian). Ten (34%) subjects were female.

Immunogenicity

All subjects were monitored for development of inhibitory antibodies to OBIZUR using the Nijmegen modification of the Bethesda inhibitor assay. A subject was considered to have developed an OBIZUR inhibitor if the titer was ≥0.6 Bethesda Units (BU)/mL.

Of the 29 subjects treated with OBIZUR, 19 subjects were negative for anti-porcine factor VIII antibodies at baseline. Five of the 19 (26%) developed anti-porcine factor VIII antibodies following exposure to OBIZUR. Of the 10 subjects with detectable anti-porcine factor VIII antibodies at baseline, 2 (20%) experienced an increase in titer and eight (80%) experienced a decreasing to a non-detectable titer.

All subjects were also monitored for development of binding antibodies to baby hamster kidney (BHK) protein by a validated sequential ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). No patients developed de novo anti-BHK antibodies.

The detection of antibody formation is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Additionally, the observed incidence of antibody (including neutralizing antibody) positivity in an assay may be influenced by several factors, including assay methodology, sample handling, timing of sample collection, concomitant medications, and underlying disease. For these reasons, comparison of the incidence of antibodies to OBIZUR with the incidence of antibodies to other products may be misleading.

Postmarketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of OBIZUR. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to product exposure.

Immune system disorders: anamnestic reactions

DRUG INTERACTIONS

No Information Provided

Warnings & Precautions

WARNINGS

Included as part of the "PRECAUTIONS" Section

PRECAUTIONS

Hypersensitivity Reactions

Hypersensitivity reactions can occur with OBIZUR. OBIZUR contains trace amounts of hamster proteins. Early signs of allergic reactions, which can progress to anaphylaxis, include angioedema, chest-tightness, dyspnea, hypotension, wheezing, urticaria, and pruritus. Immediately discontinue administration and initiate appropriate treatment if allergic or anaphylactic-type reactions occur.

Inhibitory Antibodies

Inhibitory antibodies to OBIZUR, including anamnestic reactions with rise in human FVIII inhibitors and/or porcine FVIII inhibitors, have occurred. Monitor patients for the development of antibodies to OBIZUR by appropriate assays [see Monitoring Laboratory Tests]. If the plasma factor VIII level fails to increase as expected, or if bleeding is not controlled after OBIZUR administration, suspect the presence of an antiporcine factor VIII antibody.

If such inhibitory antibodies are suspected and there is a lack of clinical response, consider management options such as discontinuing OBIZUR and initiating other therapeutics such as a Factor VIII bypassing agent.

Monitoring Laboratory Tests

Perform one-stage clotting assay to confirm that adequate factor VIII levels have been achieved and maintained [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
- Monitor factor VIII activity 30 minutes and 3 hours after initial dose.
- Monitor factor VIII activity 30 minutes after subsequent doses.
Monitor the development of inhibitory antibodies to OBIZUR. Perform a Nijmegen Bethesda inhibitor assay if expected plasma factor VIII activity levels are not attained or if bleeding is not controlled with the expected dose of OBIZUR. Use Bethesda Units (BU) to report inhibitor levels.

Nonclinical Toxicology

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment Of Fertility

Long-term studies in animals to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of OBIZUR, or studies to determine genotoxicity and the effects of OBIZUR on fertility, have not been performed.

Use In Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Risk Summary

There are no data with OBIZUR use in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with OBIZUR. It is also not known whether OBIZUR can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity.

In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk for major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively.

Lactation

Risk Summary

There is no information regarding the presence of OBIZUR in human milk, the effect on the breastfed child, or the effects on milk production.

The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for OBIZUR and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from OBIZUR or from the underlying maternal condition.

Pediatric Use

The safety and efficacy of OBIZUR have not been established in pediatric patients.

Geriatric Use

Of the 29 subjects within the trial, the average age was 70 years of age. Nineteen subjects were 65 years of age or older. Clinical studies suggest that OBIZUR is safe and effective in the adult population [see ADVERSE REACTIONS and Clinical Studies]. While no differences were observed between geriatric and adult responses to OBIZUR, these findings are inconclusive given the small number of subjects enrolled in either group.

Dose adjustments in the geriatric population have not been studied. Specific hazards associated with the concomitant use of OBIZUR with other drugs in the elderly population have not been studied in the clinical trial.

Overdosage & Contraindications

OVERDOSE

No Information Provided

CONTRAINDICATIONS

OBIZUR is contraindicated in patients who have had life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions to OBIZUR or its components (including traces of hamster proteins).

Clinical Pharmacology

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Mechanism Of Action

OBIZUR temporarily replaces the inhibited endogenous factor VIII that is needed for effective hemostasis in patients with acquired hemophilia A.

Pharmacodynamics

Patients with acquired hemophilia A (AHA) have normal factor VIII genes but develop autoantibodies against their own factor VIII (i.e., inhibitors). These autoantibodies neutralize circulating human factor VIII and create a functional deficiency of this procoagulant protein. AHA results in a prolonged clotting time as measured by the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) assay, a conventional in vitro test for biological activity of factor VIII. Treatment with OBIZUR should normalize the aPTT during treatment; however, aPTT normalization should not be used as a measure of efficacy.

Pharmacokinetics

A formal pharmacokinetic study of OBIZUR in patients diagnosed with AHA has not been conducted. There are insufficient pharmacokinetic data in patients treated with OBIZUR.

Clinical Studies

The efficacy of OBIZUR for the treatment of serious bleeding episodes in subjects with acquired hemophilia A was investigated in a prospective, open-label trial (N=29). The trial was conducted in 18 Caucasian, 6 African-American, and 5 Asian subjects diagnosed with acquired hemophilia A (AHA), having auto-immune inhibitory antibodies to human factor VIII, and experiencing serious bleeding episodes that required hospitalization. Subjects with a prior history of bleeding disorders other than AHA, anti-porcine factor VIII antibody titer > 20 Bethesda Units (BU), or in whom the bleeding episode was judged likely to resolve on its own were excluded. One subject was considered evaluable at study entry; however, it was later determined that this subject did not have AHA, leaving 28 subjects evaluable for efficacy.

An initial dose of 200 units per kg OBIZUR was administered to subjects for the treatment of life- or limb-threatening initial bleeding episodes. Patients were treated with OBIZUR until resolution of bleeding or dosing was continued at the physician's discretion according to the clinical assessment. These bleeding episodes included 19 intramuscular or joint bleeding episodes, 4 post-surgical bleeding episodes, 2 intracranial episodes, 2 surgeries, 1 retroperitoneal hemorrhage, and 1 periorbital bleed. Hemostatic response was assessed by the study site investigator at specified time points after initiation of OBIZUR treatment using a pre-specified rating scale that was based on subjective clinical assessments combined with objective factor VIII activity levels achieved. An assessment of effective or partially effective was considered as a positive response (see Table 2 for definitions).

Table 2 Response to OBIZUR Treatment Evaluation

Assessment of efficacy	Control of bleeding	Clinical Assessment	Factor VIII levels	Response
Effective	bleeding stopped	clinical control	≥50%	positive
Partially effective	bleeding reduced	clinical stabilization or improvement; or alternative reason for bleeding	≥ 20%	positive
Poorly effective	bleeding slightly reduced or unchanged	not clinically stable	<50%	negative
Not effective	bleeding worsening	Clinically deteriorating	<20%	negative

Of the 28 subjects evaluable for efficacy, all subjects had a positive response to treatment for the initial bleeding episodes at 24 hours after dosing. A positive response was observed in 95% (19/20) of subjects evaluated at 8 hours and 100% (18/18) at 16 hours.

In addition to response to treatment, the overall treatment success was determined by the investigator based on his/her ability to discontinue or reduce the dose and/or dosing frequency of OBIZUR. A total of 24/28 (86%) had successful treatment of the initial bleeding episode. Of those subjects treated with OBIZUR as first-line therapy, defined as no immediate previous use of anti-hemorrhagic agents prior to the first OBIZUR treatment, 16/17 (94%) had eventual treatment success reported. Eleven subjects were reported to have received anti-hemorrhagics (e.g. rFVIIa, activated prothrombin-complex concentrate, tranexamic acid) prior to first treatment with OBIZUR. Of these 11 subjects, eight had eventual successful treatment (73%).

The median dose per infusion to successfully treat the primary bleeding episode was 133 units per kg and a median total dose of 1523 units per kg. In the initial 24 hour period, a median of 3 infusions (median dose 200 U/kg) were utilized in the clinical study. When treatment was required beyond 24 hours, a median of 10.5 infusions (median dose 100 U/kg) were given for a median of 6 days to control a bleeding episode.

Medication Guide

PATIENT INFORMATION

Inform patients:

of early signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity reactions (including angioedema, chest tightness, dyspnea, hypotension, wheezing, urticaria and pruritus) and anaphylaxis. Instruct patients to discontinue use and contact their physician.
that new or increase in existing inhibitory antibodies to OBIZUR may develop and this may result in a lack of control of their bleeding.
to report any adverse reactions or problems following OBIZUR administration to their physicians or healthcare provider.

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