Noroxin
Noroxin - General Information
A synthetic fluoroquinolone (fluoroquinolones) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Noroxin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase. [PubChem]
Pharmacology of Noroxin
Noroxin is a quinolone/fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Noroxin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, which allows the untwisting required to replicate one DNA double helix into two. Notably the drug has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyrase than for mammalian.
Noroxin for patients
Noroxin Interactions
Elevated plasma levels of theophylline have been reported with concomitant quinolone use. There have been reports of theophylline-related side effects in patients on concomitant therapy with norfloxacin and theophylline. Therefore, monitoring of theophylline plasma levels should be considered and dosage of theophylline adjusted as required.
Elevated serum levels of cyclosporine have been reported with concomitant use of cyclosporine with norfloxacin. Therefore, cyclosporine serum levels should be monitored and appropriate cyclosporine dosage adjustments made when these drugs are used concomitantly.
Quinolones, including norfloxacin, may enhance the effects of oral anticoagulants, including warfarin or its derivatives or similar agents. When these products are administered concomitantly, prothrombin time or other suitable coagulation tests should be closely monitored.
The concomitant administration of quinolones including norfloxacin with glyburide (a sulfonylurea agent) has, on rare occasions, resulted in severe hypoglycemia. Therefore, monitoring of blood glucose is recommended when these agents are co-administered.
Diminished urinary excretion of norfloxacin has been reported during the concomitant administration of probenecid and norfloxacin.
The concomitant use of nitrofurantoin is not recommended since nitrofurantoin may antagonize the antibacterial effect of Norfloxacin in the urinary tract.
Multivitamins, or other products containing iron or zinc, antacids or sucralfate should not be administered concomitantly with, or within 2 hours of, the administration of norfloxacin, because they may interfere with absorption resulting in lower serum and urine levels of norfloxacin.
Videx (Didanosine) chewable/buffered tablets or the pediatric powder for oral solution should not be administered concomitantly with, or within 2 hours of, the administration of norfloxacin, because these products may interfere with absorption resulting in lower serum and urine levels of norfloxacin.
Some quinolones have also been shown to interfere with the metabolism of caffeine. This may lead to reduced clearance of caffeine and a prolongation of its plasma half-life.
Noroxin Contraindications
Norfloxacin is contraindicated in persons with a history of hypersensitivity, tendinitis, or tendon rupture associated with the use of norfloxacin or any member of the quinolone group of antimicrobial agents.
Additional information about Noroxin
Noroxin Indication: For the treatment of urinary tract infection
Mechanism Of Action: The bactericidal action of Noroxin results from inhibition of the enzymes topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV, which are required for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. Noroxin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterias. The fluorine atom at the 6 position increases potency against gram-negative organisms, and the piperazine moiety at the 7 position is responsible for anti-pseudomonal activity
Drug Interactions: Aluminium Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Bismuth Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Calcium Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Magnesium oxide Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Magnesium Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Iron Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Zinc Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Sucralfate Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Theophylline The quinolone increases the effect of theophylline
Oxtriphylline The quinolone increases the effect of theophylline
Aminophylline The quinolone increases the effect of theophylline
Dyphylline The quinolone increases the effect of theophylline
Anisindione The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect
Acenocoumarol The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect
Dicumarol The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect
Warfarin The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect
Caffeine The quinolone increases the effect and toxicity of caffeine
Cyclosporine The quinolone increases the effect and toxicity of cyclosporine
Clozapine Ciprofloxacin may increase clozapine serum levels
Foscarnet Increased risk of convulsions
Food Interactions: Not Available
Generic Name: Norfloxacin
Synonyms: Not Available
Drug Category: Anti-Infectives; Enzyme Inhibitors; Quinolones
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Norfloxacin: Chibroxin; Noroxin;
Absorption: Rapid
Toxicity (Overdose): Not Available
Protein Binding: 10 and 15% (Serum protein binding)
Biotransformation: Via liver and kidney
Half Life: 3-4 hours
Dosage Forms of Noroxin: Tablet Oral
Chemical IUPAC Name: 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-piperazin-1-ylquinoline-3-carboxylic acid
Chemical Formula: C16H18FN3O3
Norfloxacin on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfloxacin
Organisms Affected: Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria
