Mytelase
Mytelase - General Information
Mytelase is a cholinesterase inhibitor used in the management of myasthenia gravis. [Wikipedia]
Pharmacology of Mytelase
Mytelase, similar to pyridostigmine and neostigmine, is used for the treatment of muscle weakness and fatigue in people with myasthenia gravis. It is postulated to exert its therapeutic effect by enhancing cholinergic function by inhibiting the hydrolysis of acetylcholine by acetylcholinesterase. Increased levels of acetylcholine has peripheral effects, as acetylcholine is also used in the brain, where it tends to cause excitatory actions. The glands that receive impulses from the parasympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system are also stimulated in the same way. This is why an increase in acetylcholine causes a decreased heart rate and increased production of saliva. Mytelase is used less commonly than neostigmine or pyridostigmine but may be preferred in patients hypersensitive to the bromide ion. Mytelase produces fewer muscarinic side effects than neostigmine, but more than pyridostigmine.
Mytelase for patients
Take this medication by mouth as directed. The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to therapy. Use this medication exactly as prescribed. The incorrect use of this medication can lead to serious side effects. Do not exceed the prescribed dose, unless told to do so by your doctor. Learn all instructions for proper use of this medication and management of your condition, including how to use atropine or change your drug dosage, if necessary. Consult your doctor or pharmacist. Store at room temperature between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 to 30 degrees C) away from light and moisture.
Mytelase Interactions
Interactions can occur with the following medications: demecarium (Humorsol), echothiophate (Phospholine Iodide), isoflurophate (Floropryl), malathion (using these medicines with antimyasthenics may result in serious side effects), guanadrel (Hylorel), guanethidine (Ismelin), mecamylamine (Inversine), procainamide (Pronestyl), and trimethaphan (the effects of these medicines may interfere with the actions of the antimyasthenics).
Mytelase Contraindications
Ambenonium is contraindicated in the following: intestinal or urinary tract obstruction, mechanical (may be exacerbated), sensitivity to any of these medications or to bromides, urinary tract infections (increase in urinary bladder muscle tone may aggravate symptoms).
Additional information about Mytelase
Mytelase Indication: Mytelase is used to treat muscle weakness due to muscle disease (myasthenia gravis).
Mechanism Of Action: Mytelase exerts its actions against myasthenia gravis by competitive, reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. The disease myasthenia gravis occurs when the body inappropriately produces antibodies against acetylcholine receptors, and thus inhibits proper acetylcholine signal transmission (when acetylcholine binds to acetylcholine receptors of striated muscle fibers, it stimulates those fibers to contract). Mytelase reversibly binds acetylcholinesterase, and as acetylcholinesterase is responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine, this inhibition increases levels of acetylcholine. In turn this facilitates transmission of impulses across the myoneural junction and effectively treats the disease.
Drug Interactions: Not Available
Food Interactions: Not Available
Generic Name: Ambenonium
Synonyms: Ambenonum
Drug Category: Antiarrhythmic Agents; Antimyasthenics
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Ambenonium: Mytelase;
Absorption: Oral - poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Toxicity (Overdose): LD50=150±44 mg/kg (orally in mice). Symptoms of overdose include muscle twitching, weakness and paralysis of voluntary muscles including the tongue, shoulders, neck and arms, blood pressure increase (with or without a slowing of heart rate), a sensation of internal trembling, severe anxiety, and panic. Death may occur rapidly if untreated.
Protein Binding: Not Available
Biotransformation: Plasma and hepatic
Half Life: Not Available
Dosage Forms of Mytelase: Not Available
Chemical IUPAC Name: (2-chlorophenyl)methyl-[2-[[2-[2-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-diethylazaniumyl]ethylamino]-2-oxoacetyl]amino]ethyl]-diethylazanium
Chemical Formula: C28H42Cl2N4O2+2
Ambenonium on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambenonium
Organisms Affected: Humans and other mammals
