Lithostat: Full Drug Profile
Lithostat - General Information
Lithostat, a synthetic drug derived from hydroxylamine and ethyl acetate, is similar in structure to urea. In the urine, it acts as an antagonist of the bacterial enzyme urease. Lithostat has no direct antimicrobial action and does not acidify urine directly. It is used, in addition to antibiotics or medical procedures, to treat chronic urea-splitting urinary infections.
Pharmacology of Lithostat
Lithostat, a synthetic drug derived from hydroxylamine and ethyl acetate, is similar in structure to urea. In the urine, it acts as an antagonist of the bacterial enzyme urease. Lithostat has no direct antimicrobial action and does not acidify urine directly.
Lithostat for patients
Lithostat Interactions
Concomitant use with iron supplements may result in the reduced absorption of iron.
Lithostat Contraindications
Should not be used in patients with urinary infections resulting from non-urease producing organims, in patients with poor renal function, in patients who are pregnant, and female patients who are not taking some form of effective birth control.
Additional information about Lithostat
- Lithostat Indication
Used, in addition to antibiotics or medical procedures, to treat chronic urea-splitting urinary infections.
- Mechanism Of Action
- Lithostat reversibly inhibits the bacterial enzyme urease. This inhibits the hydrolysis of urea and production of ammonia in urine infected with urea-splitting organisms, leading to a decrease in pH and ammonia levels. As antimicrobial agents are more effective in such conditions, the effectiveness of these agents is amplified, resulting in a higher cure rate.
- Generic Name
- Acetohydroxamic Acid
- Synonyms
- AHA; Cetohyroxamic acid; Methylhydroxamic acid; N-Hydroxyacetamide; Acetylhydroxamic acid; Acetyl hydroxyamino; Acetohydroximic acid; Acetic acid, oxime; Acethydroxamsaure; Acetohydroxamate
- Drug Category
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Drug Type
- Small Molecule; Approved
- Other Brand Names containing Acetohydroxamic Acid
- Lithostat;
- Absorption
- Well absorbed from the GI tract following oral administration.
- Toxicity (Overdose)
- Oral, rat: LD50 = 4.8gm/kg. Symptoms of overdose include anorexia, malaise, lethargy, diminished sense of wellbeing, tremor, anxiety, nausea, and vomiting.
- Protein Binding
- No known binding
- Biotransformation
- 35-65% of oral dose excreted unchanged in urine (which provides the drug's therapeutic effect).
- Half Life
- 5-10 hours in patients with normal renal function
- Dosage Forms of Lithostat
- Tablet Oral
- Chemical IUPAC Name
- N-hydroxyacetamide
- Chemical Formula
- C2H5NO2
- Acetohydroxamic Acid on Wikipedia
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetohydroxamic_acid
- Organisms Affected
- Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria
