Lithostat
Lithostat - General Information
Lithostat, a synthetic drug derived from hydroxylamine and ethyl acetate, is similar in structure to urea. In the urine, it acts as an antagonist of the bacterial enzyme urease. Lithostat has no direct antimicrobial action and does not acidify urine directly. It is used, in addition to antibiotics or medical procedures, to treat chronic urea-splitting urinary infections.
Pharmacology of Lithostat
Lithostat, a synthetic drug derived from hydroxylamine and ethyl acetate, is similar in structure to urea. In the urine, it acts as an antagonist of the bacterial enzyme urease. Lithostat has no direct antimicrobial action and does not acidify urine directly.
Lithostat for patients
Lithostat Interactions
Concomitant use with iron supplements may result in the reduced absorption of iron.
Lithostat Contraindications
Should not be used in patients with urinary infections resulting from non-urease producing organims, in patients with poor renal function, in patients who are pregnant, and female patients who are not taking some form of effective birth control.
Additional information about Lithostat
Lithostat Indication: Used, in addition to antibiotics or medical procedures, to treat chronic urea-splitting urinary infections.
Mechanism Of Action: Lithostat reversibly inhibits the bacterial enzyme urease. This inhibits the hydrolysis of urea and production of ammonia in urine infected with urea-splitting organisms, leading to a decrease in pH and ammonia levels. As antimicrobial agents are more effective in such conditions, the effectiveness of these agents is amplified, resulting in a higher cure rate.
Drug Interactions: Not Available
Food Interactions: Not Available
Generic Name: Acetohydroxamic Acid
Synonyms: AHA; Cetohyroxamic acid; Methylhydroxamic acid; N-Hydroxyacetamide; Acetylhydroxamic acid; Acetyl hydroxyamino; Acetohydroximic acid; Acetic acid, oxime; Acethydroxamsaure; Acetohydroxamate
Drug Category: Enzyme Inhibitors
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Acetohydroxamic Acid: Lithostat;
Absorption: Well absorbed from the GI tract following oral administration.
Toxicity (Overdose): Oral, rat: LD50 = 4.8gm/kg. Symptoms of overdose include anorexia, malaise, lethargy, diminished sense of wellbeing, tremor, anxiety, nausea, and vomiting.
Protein Binding: No known binding
Biotransformation: 35-65% of oral dose excreted unchanged in urine (which provides the drug's therapeutic effect).
Half Life: 5-10 hours in patients with normal renal function
Dosage Forms of Lithostat: Tablet Oral
Chemical IUPAC Name: N-hydroxyacetamide
Chemical Formula: C2H5NO2
Acetohydroxamic Acid on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetohydroxamic_acid
Organisms Affected: Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria
