Ethamide
Ethamide - General Information
A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalemia. [PubChem]
Pharmacology of Ethamide
Ethamide, a sulfonamide, inhibits carbonic anhydrase activity in proximal renal tubules to decrease reabsorption of water, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate. It also decreases carbonic anhydrase in the CNS, increasing the seizure threshold. This reduction in carbonic anhydrase also reduces the intraocular pressure in the eye by decreasing aqueous humor.
Ethamide for patients
Store ethoxzolamide in a cool, dark area. Reconstituted solution must be used within 24 hours. Do not break, crush, or chew capsules. Take with food if you experience nausea, but note that this may decrease the absorption of the drug. You may also need to take potassium supplements while on this drug as it can cause potassium deficiency. If you are using this drug as a diuretic, it should be taken in the morning to avoid sleep disturbance (frequent urination during the night). If you miss a dose, take as soon as possible but do not double up the dose. Notify your doctor if you experience sore throat, unusual bleeding, bruising, paresthesias, tremors, flank pain, or skin rash. Since this medication may cause drowsiness, avoid hazardous activities such as driving until you know how you will react to the drug.
Ethamide Interactions
Ethoxzolamide may increase the action of tricyclics, amphetamines, procainamide, and quinidine. It may increase excretion of barbiturates, lithium, and ASA and may also increase the toxicity of salicylates. Coadministration of ethoxzolamide with other diuretics, amphotericin B, and corticosteroids may cause hypokalemia.
Ethamide Contraindications
Ethoxzolamide is contraindicated in patients with severe hypersensitivity to sulfonamides, severe hepatic disease, severe renal disease, electrolytic imbalances such as hyponatremia and hypokalemia, hyperchloremic acidosis, Addison's disease, and long-term use in narrow-angle glaucoma.
Additional information about Ethamide
Ethamide Indication: For use in the treatment of duodenal ulcers, as a diuretic, and in the treatment of glaucoma, and may also be useful in the treatment of seizures associated with epilepsy.
Mechanism Of Action: Ethamide binds and inhibits carbonic anhydrase I. Carbonic anhydrase plays an essential role in facilitating the transport of carbon dioxide and protons in the intracellular space, across biological membranes and in the layers of the extracellular space. The inhibition of this enzyme effects the balance of applicable membrane equilibrium systems.
Drug Interactions: Not Available
Food Interactions: Not Available
Generic Name: Ethoxzolamide
Synonyms: Ethoxazolamide; Ethoxyzolamide; Etoxzolamide
Drug Category: Diuretics; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Ethoxzolamide: Cardrase; Diuretic C; Ethamide; Glaucotensil; Redupresin;
Absorption: Rapidly absorbed with 65% bioavailability
Toxicity (Overdose): Not Available
Protein Binding: ~89%
Biotransformation: Not Available
Half Life: 2.5-5.5 hours
Dosage Forms of Ethamide: Tablet Oral
Capsule Oral
Chemical IUPAC Name: 6-ethoxy-1,3-benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide
Chemical Formula: C9H10N2O3S2
Ethoxzolamide on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethoxzolamide
Organisms Affected: Humans and other mammals
