Dosing and uses of Zn DTPA, Zinc DTPA (pentetate zinc trisodium)
Adult dosage forms and strengths
injectable/inhalable solution
- 1g/5mL vial
Internal Contamination with Plutonium, Americium, Curium
1 g slow IV push over 3-4 min Or
IV infusion (in 100-250 mL D5W or LR or NS) Or
Inhalation in a nebulizer (1:1 with water or saline)
IV administration should not be protracted over >2 hours
Can be administered undiluted by IM if IV is not practical; coadministration of 1-2% procaine may alleviate injection site pain
Generally used after initial decontamination with the more potent Ca-DTPA
Full decontamination may require prolonged treatment
Other Indications & Uses
Less effective but less toxic than Ca-DTPA
Pediatric dosage forms and strengths
injectable/inhalable solution
- 1g/5mL vial
Internal Contamination with Plutonium, Americium, Curium
<12 years old: 14 mg/kg IV qDay, no more than 1 g/day
Zn DTPA, Zinc DTPA (pentetate zinc trisodium) adverse (side) effects
Frequency not defined
(Repeated administration over a short period): chills, fever, muscle cramps, nausea, pruritus, vomiting
Warnings
Not for uranium or neptunium
Do not divide dose
May lead to depletion of endogenous trace metals on several months use
Nebulized soln may exacerbate asthma
Pregnancy, kidney dz
Monitor BP during infusion
Obtain written consent for tx
Pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy category: C
Lactation: N/A
Pregnancy categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.
C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.
D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.
X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.
NA: Information not available.
Pharmacology of Zn DTPA, Zinc DTPA (pentetate zinc trisodium)
Distribution: In extracellular fluid, very little in cells/tissues
Metabolism: minimaL
Excretion: predominantly in urine, almost completely in 12 hr; feces <3%
Zn-DTPA (Akorn, Inc, call 1-800-932-5676; [inj/inh soln]: 1 g/5 mL vial)
Mechanism of action
Chelates transuranium metals
