Dosing and uses of Typhim Vi (typhoid polysaccharide vaccine)
Adult dosage forms and strengths
injection solution
- 25 mcg derived from S. typhi Ty2 strain/0.5 mL
Typhoid Fever Prophylaxis
Indicated for selective immunization against typhoid fever for people traveling to endemic areas
0.5 mL IM once 2 weeks prior to expected exposure
Booster: 0.5 mL IM q2years
Dosing Considerations
Current vaccination schedules available at https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/default.htm
Pediatric dosage forms and strengths
injection solution
- 25 mcg derived from S. typhi Ty2 strain/0.5 mL
Typhoid Fever Prophylaxis
Indicated for selective immunization against typhoid fever for people traveling to endemic areas
<2 years: Safety and efficacy not established
≥2 years: 0.5 mL IM once 2 weeks prior to expected exposure
Booster: 0.5 mL IM q2years
Dosing Considerations
Current vaccination schedules available at https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/default.htm
Typhim Vi (typhoid polysaccharide vaccine) adverse (side) effects
Suspected adverse events after administration of any vaccine may be reported to Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS), 1-800-822-7967
>10%
Fever (2-32%)
Malaise (4-24%)
Headache (16-20%)
Soreness (16%)
Induration (5-15%)
General aches (1-13%)
1-10%
Abdominal pain (6.4%)
Nausea (<8%)
Diarrhea (2.9%)
Vomiting (1.5%)
Skin rash (1%)
Pruritus (<8%)
Myalgia (3-7%)
<1%
Cervical pain
Diarrhea
Flu-like syndrome
Arthralgia
Abdominal pain
Loss of consciousness
Perforated jejunum
Weakness
Warnings
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Cautions
Complete vaccination 1wk before exposure (endemic areas = Africa, Asia, Central & S. America)
Efficacy: oral 60-70%, parenteral 70-96%
Efficacy: oral 60-70%; parenteral 70-96%
May administer Hib, DTP, OPV, IPV, MMR, influenza, and hepatitis B vaccines at same time
Syncope accompanied by transient visual disturbances reported with injectable vaccines
Not for the treatment of typhoid fever
Not all vaccine recipients become protected against typhoid fever; take the ncessary precautions to ingest food or water that may be contaminated
Administer at least 2 weeks prior to expected exposure
Avoid administration in patients with moderate or severe acute illness
Pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy category: C
Lactation: Not known if excreted in breast ; use caution
Pregnancy categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.
C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.
D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.
X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.
NA: Information not available.
Pharmacology of Typhim Vi (typhoid polysaccharide vaccine)
Mechanism of action
Live attenuateTY21a strain lacks enzyme UDP-4-galactose epimerase, which causes lipopolysaccharide to be synthesized under conditions that induce bacterial autolys; the avirulent strain produces enough lipopolysaccharide to evoke a protective immune response
Conveys active immunity via stimulation of production of endogenously produced antibodies
Pharmacokinetics
Duration: 17-21 months
