Dosing and uses of Eylea (aflibercept intravitreal)
Adult dosage forms and strengths
intravitreal injectable solution
- 40mg/mL
Macular Degeneration
Indicated for the treatment of patients with neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
2 mg (0.05 mL) by intravitreal injection q4wk for the first 3 injections, followed by 2 mg q8wk
Additional efficacy was not demonstrated for continuation therapy when dosed once monthly compared to q2months
Some patients may need q4wk (monthly) dosing after first 20 weeks (5 months)
Macular Edema
Indicated for treatment of macular edema following retinal vein occlusion (branched or central retinal vein occlusion)
2 mg (0.05 mL) by intravitreal injection q4wk
Diabetic Macular Edema
2 mg (0.05 mL or 50 microliters) administered by intravitreal injection q4wk for the first 5 injections, followed by 2 mg q8wk
May be dosed as frequently as 2 mg q4wk; however, additional efficacy was not demonstrated when dosed q4wk compared to q8wk
Some patients may need q4wk (monthly) dosing after first 20 weeks (5 months)
Diabetic Retinopathy with DME
Indicated for diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME)
2 mg (0.05 mL or 50 microliters) administered by intravitreal injection q4wk for the first 5 injections, followed by 2 mg q8wk
May be dosed as frequently as 2 mg q4wk; however, additional efficacy was not demonstrated when dosed q4wk compared to q8wk
Some patients may need q4wk (monthly) dosing after first 20 weeks (5 months)
Pediatric dosage forms and strengths
Safety and efficacy not established
Eylea (aflibercept intravitreal) adverse (side) effects
>10%
Conjunctival hemorrhage (25%)
Eye pain (9-13%)
1-10%
Cataract (7%)
Vitreous floaters (6%)
Increased IOP (5%)
Conjunctival hyperemia (4%)
Corneal erosion (4%)
Retinal pigment epithelium detachment (3%)
Injection site pain (3%)
Foreign body sensation in eyes (3%)
Lacrimation increased (3%)
Blurred vision (2%)
Retinal pigment epithelium tear (2%)
Injection site hemorrhage (1%)
Eyelid edema (1%)
Corneal edema (1%)
Warnings
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Ocular or periocular infection
Active intraocular inflammation
Cautions
Edophthalmitis and retinal detachments reported with intravitreal injections
Acute increases in intraocular pressure have been observed within 60 minutes of intravitreal injection
Potential risk of arterial thromboembolic events (eg, nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or vascular death) following intravitreal use of VEGF inhibitors (incidence over 1 yr varies depending on the study ranging from 0% to 3.3%)
Hypersensitivity reactions may present as severe intraocular inflammation
Females of reproductive potential should use effective contraception prior to initial dose, during treatment, and for at least 3 months after last intravitreal injection
Pregnancy and lactation
Pregnancy category: C
Produced embryo-fetal toxicity when administered q3 days during organogenesis to pregnant rabbits at IV of 3 mg/kg or greater, or q6 days at SC of 0.1 mg/kg or greater
Aflibercept produced fetal malformations at all doses assessed in rabbits and the fetal NOAEL was <0.1 mg/kg
Administration of the lowest dose assessed in rabbits resulted in systemic exposure (AUC) that was approximately 10 times the systemic exposure observed in humans after an intravitreal dose of 2 mg
Lactation: Unknown whether distributed in breast milk; not recommended
Pregnancy categories
A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.
B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.
C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.
D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.
X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.
NA: Information not available.
Pharmacology of Eylea (aflibercept intravitreal)
Mechanism of action
Binds and prevents activation of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF-A) and placental growth factor (PIGF)
Activation of VEGF-A and PIGF can result in neovascularization and vascular permeability
Absorption
Peak plasma time: 1-3 days
Peak plasma concentration: 0.02 mcg/mL
Distribution
Vd: 6 L
Elimination
Half-life: 5-6 days
Administration
Intravitreal Injection Preparation
Vial contains 0.278 mL of 40 mg/mL solution
Use provided 5-micron filter needle
Using aseptic technique, withdraw all contents of vial (keep vial in upright position, slightly inclined to ease complete withdrawal)
Remove and discard filter needle
Replace needle with 30-gauge x 0.5-inch needle (provided in kit)
Gently tap syringe to remove bubbles
To eliminate all of the bubbles and to expel excess drug, slowly depress the plunger to the plunger tip aligns with the 0.05 mL measurement line
Each vial should only be used for a single eye
Storage
Refrigerate unopened vials at 2-8°C (36-46°F); do not freeze
Protect from light
Store in the original carton until time of use
