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Definition of Electrophoresis
Medically reviewed by Min Clinic Staff | Updated: January 2026
Electrophoresis: A method used in clinical and research laboratories for separating molecules according to their size and electrical charge. An electric current is passed through a medium that contains the mixture of molecules. Each kind of molecule travels through the medium at a different rate, depending on its electrical charge and molecular size. Separation of the molecules occurs based on these differences.