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Definition of Signal transduction
Medically reviewed by Min Clinic Staff | Updated: January 2026
Signal transduction: A basic process in molecular cell biology involving the conversion of a signal from outside the cell to a functional change within the cell.
A signal (such as a hormone or neurotransmitter) interacts with a receptor on the cell surface; this interaction causes a change in a second messenger (such calcium); and, eventually, a change is triggered in the cell's function (for example, the cell divides).