Blenoxane
Blenoxane - General Information
A complex of related glycopeptide antibiotics from Streptomyces verticillus consisting of bleomycin A2 and B2. It inhibits DNA metabolism and is used as an antineoplastic, especially for solid tumors.
Pharmacology of Blenoxane
Blenoxane is an antibiotic which has been shown to have antitumor activity. Blenoxane selectively inhibits the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The guanine and cytosine content correlates with the degree of mitomycin-induced cross-linking. At high concentrations of the drug, cellular RNA and protein synthesis are also suppressed. Blenoxane has been shown in vitro to inhibit B cell, T cell, and macrophage proliferation and impair antigen presentation, as well as the secretion of interferon gamma, TNFa, and IL-2. The antibiotic antitumor drugs are cell cycle-nonspecific except for Blenoxane (which has major effects in G2 and M phases).
Blenoxane for patients
Bleomycin should only be administered under the supervision of a qualified
healthcare provider experienced in the use of cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
Serious side effects have been reported with the use of bleomycin including: allergic
reactions (difficulty breathing; closing of the throat; swelling of the lips, tongue,
or face; or hives); a severe reaction consisting of low blood pressure, mental confusion,
fever, chills, and wheezing; pulmonary fibrosis (a lung condition); and others. Talk to
your doctor about the possible side effects from treatment with bleomycin.
Blenoxane Interactions
Certain antibiotic, cisplatin, cyclosporine, diuretic, foscarnet, and vaccines.
Blenoxane Contraindications
Bleomycin is contraindicated in patients who have demonstrated a hypersensitive or an idiosyncratic reaction to it.
Additional information about Blenoxane
Blenoxane Indication: For palliative treatment in the management malignant neoplasm (trachea, bronchus, lung), squamous cell carcinoma, and lymphomas.
Mechanism Of Action: Although the exact mechanism of action of bleomycin is unknown, available evidence would seem to indicate that the main mode of action is the inhibition of DNA synthesis with some evidence of lesser inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis.
Drug Interactions: Not Available
Food Interactions: Not Available
Generic Name: Bleomycin
Synonyms: BLM; Bleomycin sulfate; Bleomicin; Bleomicina [INN-Spanish]; Bleomycine [INN-French]; Bleomycinum [INN-Latin]; Bleocin; Bleomycin A2; Bleomycin B2
Drug Category: Antimetabolites; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Bleomycin: Blenoxane; Bleo;
Absorption: Systemic absorption is approximately 45%.
Toxicity (Overdose): Excessive exposure may cause fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, mental, confusion, and wheezing. Bleomycin may cause irritation to eyes, skin and respiratory tract. It may also cause a darkening or thickening of the skin. It may cause an allergic reaction.
Protein Binding: 1%
Biotransformation: Hepatic
Half Life: 115 minutes
Dosage Forms of Blenoxane: Powder, for solution Intravenous
Chemical IUPAC Name: 3-[[2-[2-[2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S,3S,4R)-4-[[(2S)-2-[[6-amino-2-[(1S)-3-amino-1-[[(2S)-2,3-diamino-3-oxopropyl]amino]-3-oxopropyl]-5-methylpyrimidine-4-carbonyl]amino]-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6S)-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-carbamoyloxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-(3H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-2-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]ethyl]-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]1,3-thiazole-4-carbonyl]amino]propyl-dimethylsulfanium
Chemical Formula: C55H84N17O21S3+
Bleomycin on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleomycin
Organisms Affected: Humans and other mammals
