Kyphoscoliosis
Kyphoscoliosis
Kyphoscoliosis is twisting of the spinal column in both the anteroposterior (kyphosis) and lateral (scoliosis) planes. Although such deformity is often primary or idiopathic, thus falling within the orthopedic field of expertise, it may also be a consequence of neurological disease which causes weakness of paraspinal muscles.
Recognized neurological associations of kyphoscoliosis and scoliosis include:
Chiari I malformation, syringomyelia
Myelopathy (cause or effect? Skeletal disease, such as achondroplasia, is more likely to be associated with myelopathy than idiopathic scoliosis)
Cerebral palsy Friedreich’s ataxia Neurofibromatosis
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies Spinal muscular atrophies
Myopathies, e.g., Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Stiff person syndrome may produce a characteristic hyperlordotic spine. Some degree of scoliosis occurs in virtually all patients suffering from paralytic poliomyelitis before the pubertal growth spurt.
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