Lixil
Lixil - General Information
A sulfamyl diuretic. [PubChem]
Pharmacology of Lixil
Lixil is a loop diuretic of the sulfamyl category to treat heart failure. It is often used in patients in whom high doses of furosemide are ineffective. There is however no reason not to use bumetanide as a first choice drug. The main difference between the two substances is in bioavailability. It is said to be a more predictable diuretic, meaning that the predictable absorption is reflected in a more predictable effect. Lixil is 40 times more potent than furosemide (for patients with normal renal function).
Lixil for patients
Bumetanide, a 'water pill,' is used to reduce the swelling and fluid retention caused by various medical problems, including heart or liver disease. It also is used to treat high blood pressure. It causes the kidneys to get rid of unneeded water and salt from the body into the urine. Bumetanide comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It usually is taken once a day, in the morning. Before taking bumetanide:
- tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to bumetanide, sulfa drugs, or any other drugs.
- tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications you are taking, especially other medications for high blood pressure, corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone), digoxin (Lanoxin), indomethacin (Indocin), lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid), probenecid (Benemid), and vitamins.
- tell your doctor if you have or have ever had diabetes, gout, or kidney or liver problems.
- tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. Do not breast-feed while taking this medicine. If you become pregnant while taking bumetanide, call your doctor.
- if you are having surgery, including dental surgery, tell the doctor or dentist that you are taking bumetanide
Lixil Interactions
- Drugs with ototoxic potential: Especially in the presence of impaired renal function, the use of parenterally administered bumetanide in patients to whom aminoglycoside antibiotics are also being given should be avoided, except in life-threatening conditions.
- Drugs with nephrotoxic potential: There has been no experience on the concurrent use of bumetanide with drugs known to have a nephrotoxic potential. Therefore, the simultaneous administration of these drugs should be avoided.
- Lithium: Lithium should generally not be given with diuretics (such as bumetanide) because they reduce its renal clearance and add a high risk of lithium toxicity.
- Probenecid: Pretreatment with probenecid reduces both the natriuresis and hyperreninemia produced by bumetanide. This antagonistic effect of probenecid on bu-metanide natriuresis is not due to a direct action on sodium excretion but is probably secondary to its inhibitory effect on renal tubular secretion of bumetanide. Thus, probenecid should not be administered concurrently with bumetanide.
- Indomethacin: Indomethacin blunts the increases in urine volume and sodium excretion seen during bumetanide treatment and inhibits the bumetanide-induced increase in plasma renin activity. Concurrent therapy with bumetanide is thus not recommended.
- Antihypertensives: Bumetanide may potentiate the effect of various antihypertensive drugs, necessitating a reduction in the dosage of these drugs.
- Digoxin: Interaction studies in humans have shown no effect on digoxin blood levels.
- Anticoagulants: Interaction studies in humans have shown bumetanide to have no effect on warfarin metabolism or on plasma prothrombin activity.
Lixil Contraindications
Bumetanide is contraindicated in anuria. Although bumetanide can be used to induce diuresis in renal insufficiency, any marked increase in blood urea nitrogen or creatinine, or the development of oliguria during therapy of patients with progressive renal disease, is an indication for discontinuation of treatment with bumetanide. Bumetanide is also contraindicated in patients in hepatic coma or in states of severe electrolyte depletion until the condition is improved or corrected. Bumetanide is contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to this drug.
Additional information about Lixil
Lixil Indication: For the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic and renal disease including the nephrotic syndrome.
Mechanism Of Action: Lixil interferes with renal cAMP and/or inhibits the sodium-potassium ATPase pump. Lixil appears to block the active reabsorption of chloride and possibly sodium in the ascending loop of Henle, altering electrolyte transfer in the proximal tubule. This results in excretion of sodium, chloride, and water and, hence, diuresis.
Drug Interactions: Amikacin Increased ototoxicity
Cisplatin Increased ototoxicity
Deslanoside Possible electrolyte variations and arrhythmias
Digitoxin Possible electrolyte variations and arrhythmias
Digoxin Possible electrolyte variations and arrhythmias
Gentamicin Increased ototoxicity
Ibuprofen The NSAID decreases the diuretic and antihypertensive effects of the loop diuretic
Indomethacin The NSAID decreases the diuretic and antihypertensive effects of the loop diuretic
Kanamycin Increased ototoxicity
Netilmicin Increased ototoxicity
Streptomycin Increased ototoxicity
Sulindac The NSAID decreases the diuretic and antihypertensive effects of the loop diuretic
Tobramycin Increased ototoxicity
Ginseng Ginseng decreases the therapeutic effect of diuretic
Food Interactions: Take with food to reduce irritation.
Generic Name: Bumetanide
Synonyms: Bumetanida [INN-Spanish]; Bumetanidum [INN-Latin]
Drug Category: Diuretics, Sulfamyl
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Bumetanide: Bumex; Burine; Burinex; Fontego; Fordiuran; Lixil; Lunetoron; Segurex;
Absorption: Bumetanide is completely absorbed (80%), and the absorption is not altered when taken with food. Bioavailability is almost complete.
Toxicity (Overdose): Overdosage can lead to acute profound water loss, volume and electrolyte depletion, dehydration, reduction of blood volume and circulatory collapse with a possibility of vascular thrombosis and embolism. Electrolyte depletion may be manifested by weakness, dizziness, mental confusion, anorexia, lethargy, vomiting and cramps. Treatment consists of replacement of fluid and electrolyte losses by careful monitoring of the urine and electrolyte output and serum electrolyte levels.
Protein Binding: 97%
Biotransformation: 45% is secreted unchanged. Urinary and biliary metabolites are formed by oxidation of the N-butyl side chain.
Half Life: 60-90 minutes
Dosage Forms of Lixil: Tablet Oral
Chemical IUPAC Name: 3-butylamino-4-(phenoxy)-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid
Chemical Formula: C17H20N2O5S
Bumetanide on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bumetanide
Organisms Affected: Humans and other mammals
