Dyanavel XR (Amphetamine Extended-release Oral Suspension): Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning

PROFESSIONAL CONSUMER SIDE EFFECTS

Drug Description

What is Dyanavel XR and how is it used?

Dyanavel XR is a prescription medicine used to treat the symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Narcolepsy, and Obesity. Dyanavel XR may be used alone or with other medications.

Dyanavel XR belongs to a class of drugs called Stimulants; ADHD Agents.

It is not known if Dyanavel XR is safe and effective in children younger than 6 years of age.

What are the possible side effects of Dyanavel XR?

Dyanavel XR may cause serious side effects including:

hives,
difficulty breathing,
swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat,
chest pain,
lightheadedness,
hallucinations,
new behavior problems,
aggression,
hostility,
paranoia,
numbness,
pain,
cold feeling,
unexplained wounds,
skin color changes (pale, red, or blue appearance),
seizure,
muscle twitches (tics),
changes in your vision,
agitation,
fever,
sweating,
shivering,
fast heart rate,
muscle stiffness,
twitching,
loss of coordination,
nausea,
vomiting,
diarrhea, and
growth problems (in children)

Get medical help right away, if you have any of the symptoms listed above.

The most common side effects of Dyanavel XR include:

stomach pain,
nausea,
vomiting,
diarrhea,
constipation,
loss of appetite,
weight loss,
mood changes,
restlessness,
nervousness,
sleep problems (insomnia),
dry mouth,
unusual or unpleasant taste in the mouth,
runny nose,
nosebleeds,
increased heart rate,
headache,
dizziness,
itching,
impotence, and
sexual problems

Tell the doctor if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.

These are not all the possible side effects of Dyanavel XR. For more information, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

WARNING

ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE

CNS stimulants, including DYANAVEL XR, other amphetamine-containing products, and methylphenidate, have a high potential for abuse and dependence. Assess the risk of abuse prior to prescribing and monitor for signs of abuse and dependence while on therapy [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS, and Drug Abuse and Dependence].

DESCRIPTION

DYANAVEL XR (amphetamine) extended release oral suspension, a CNS stimulant, is an extended-release liquid formulation containing a 3.2 to1 ratio of d- to l-amphetamine.

Each 1 mL of DYANAVEL XR contains 2.5 mg of amphetamine which is the same as the amount of amphetamine (base equivalent) found in a 4 mg strength amphetamine mixed salts product.

Structural Formula:

DYANAVEL XR utilizes an ion exchange resin where the drug is bound to the resin (sodium polystyrene sulfonate) through an ionic binding reaction. DYANAVEL XR contains immediate release and extended-release components. The extended-release component is coated with an aqueous, pH-independent polymer. After drug release the ion-exchange resin is excreted in the feces.

Inactive Ingredients: anhydrous citric acid, bubblegum flavor, glycerin, methylparaben, modified food starch, polysorbate 80, povidone, polyvinyl acetate, propylparaben, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, sucralose, triacetin and xanthan gum.

Indications & Dosage

INDICATIONS

DYANAVEL XR is indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in patients 6 years and older [see Clinical Studies].

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Important Information Prior To Initiating Treatment

Prior to initiating treatment with DYANAVEL XR, assess for the presence of cardiac disease (i.e., perform a careful history, family history of sudden death or ventricular arrhythmia, and physical exam) [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

Assess the risk of abuse prior to prescribing, and monitor for signs of abuse and dependence while on therapy. Maintain careful prescription records, educate patients about abuse, monitor for signs of abuse and overdose, and periodically re-evaluate the need for DYANAVEL XR use [see PRECAUTIONS, and Drug Abuse And Dependence].

General Dosing Information

DYANAVELXR should be orally administered once daily in the morning with or without food. The dose should be individualized according to the needs and responses of the patient. Before administering the dose, shake the bottle of DYANAVELXR.

In patients 6 years of age and older, start with 2.5 mg or 5 mg once daily in the morning. The dose may be increased in increments of 2.5 mg to 10 mg per day every 4 to 7 days up to a maximum dose of 20 mg per day.

Pharmacological treatment of ADHD may be needed for extended periods. Healthcare providers should periodically re-evaluate the long-term use of DYANAVEL XR, and adjust dosage as needed.

Switching From Other Amphetamine Products

If switching from other amphetamine products, discontinue that treatment, and titrate with DYANAVEL XR using the above titration schedule.

Do not substitute for other amphetamine products on a milligram-per-milligram basis, because of different amphetamine salt compositions and differing pharmacokinetic profiles [see DESCRIPTION, CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].

Dosage Modifications Due To Drug Interactions

Agents that alter urinary pH can impact urinary excretion and alter blood levels of amphetamine. Acidifying agents (e.g., ascorbic acid) decrease blood levels, while alkalinizing agents (e.g., sodium bicarbonate) increase blood levels. Adjust DYANAVEL XR dosage accordingly [see DRUG INTERACTIONS].

HOW SUPPLIED

Dosage Forms And Strengths

Extended-release oral suspension contains 2.5 mg amphetamine base equivalents per mL.

DYANAVEL XR (amphetamine) extended-release oral suspension,the concentration is 2.5 mg/mL amphetamine base equivalents and is supplied as light beige to tan viscous suspension with bubblegum flavor in bottles of 464 mL (NDC 27808- 102-01).

The product is provided in a carton. Each carton also contains four oral dispensers and four bottle adapters.

Storage And Handling

Dispense in a tight container with child-resistant closure.

Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted from 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].

The pharmacist should insert the bottle adapter firmly into the neck of the bottle and provide the oral dosing dispenser to the patient when dispensing this product.

Disposal

Comply with local laws and regulations on drug disposal of CNS stimulants. Dispose of remaining, unused, or expired DYANAVEL XR at authorized collection sites such as retail pharmacies, hospital or clinic pharmacies, and law enforcement locations. If no take-back program or authorized collector is available, mix DYANAVEL XR with an undesirable, nontoxic substance to make it less appealing to children and pets. Place the mixture in a container such as a sealed plastic bag and discard DYANAVEL XR in the household trash.

Manufactured by: Tris Pharma, Inc., Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852. Revised : Feb 2019

Side Effects

SIDE EFFECTS

The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling:

Drug Dependence [see BOXED WARNING, WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS, and Drug Abuse And Dependence]
Hypersensitivity to amphetamine, or other components of DYANAVEL XR [see CONTRAINDICATIONS]
Hypertensive Crisis When Used Concomitantly with Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors [see CONTRAINDICATIONS and DRUG INTERACTIONS]
Serious Cardiovascular Reactions [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Increases [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
Psychiatric Adverse Reactions [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
Long-Term Suppression of Growth [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
Peripheral Vasculopathy, including Raynaud's phenomenon [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
Serotonin Syndrome [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]

Clinical Trial Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

Clinical Trials Experience With Other Amphetamine Products In Pediatric Patients And Adults With ADHD

Cardiovascular: Palpitations, tachycardia, elevation of blood pressure, sudden death, myocardial infarction. There have been isolated reports of cardiomyopathy associated with chronic amphetamine use.

Central Nervous System: Psychotic episodes at recommended doses, overstimulation, restlessness, irritability, euphoria, dyskinesia, dysphoria, depression, tremor, tics, aggression, anger, logorrhea.

Eye Disorders: Vision blurred, mydriasis.

Gastrointestinal: Dryness of the mouth, unpleasant taste, diarrhea, constipation, other gastrointestinal disturbances. Anorexia and weight loss may occur as undesirable effects.

Allergic: Urticaria, rash, hypersensitivity reactions including angioedema and anaphylaxis. Serious skin rashes, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis have been reported.

Endocrine: Impotence, changes in libido.

Skin: Alopecia.

Clinical Trials Experience With DYANAVEL XR In Pediatric Patients With ADHD

There is limited experience with DYANAVEL XR in controlled trials. Based on this limited experience, the adverse reaction profile of DYANAVEL XR appears similar to other amphetamine extended-release products. The most common (≥2% in the DYANAVEL XR group and greater than placebo) adverse reactions reported in the Phase 3 controlled study conducted in 108 patients with ADHD (aged 6 to 12 years) were: epistaxis, allergic rhinitis and upper abdominal pain.

Table 1: Common adverse reactions occurring in ≥2% of Subjects on DYANAVEL XR and greater than Placebo during the double blind phase.

Preferred Term	DYANAVEL XR (N=52)	Placebo (N=48)
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
Epistaxis	3.8%	0%
Rhinitis allergic	3.8%	0%
Gastrointestinal disorders
Abdominal pain upper	3.8%	2.1%

Postmarketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of other amphetamine products. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Allergic: urticaria, rash, hypersensitivity reactions including angioedema and anaphylaxis. Serious skin rashes, including Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis have been reported.

Cardiovascular: palpitations, sudden death, myocardial infarction. There have been isolated reports of cardiomyopathy associated with chronic amphetamine use.

Central Nervous System: restlessness, irritability, euphoria, dyskinesia, dysphoria, depression, tremor, aggression, anger, logorrhea, and paresthesia (including formication).

Endocrine: impotence, changes in libido, frequent or prolonged erections.

Eye Disorders: vision blurred, mydriasis

Gastrointestinal: unpleasant taste, constipation, other gastrointestinal disturbances.

Musculoskeletal, Connective Tissue, and Bone Disorders: rhabdomyolysis.

Psychiatric Disorders: dermatillomania, bruxism.

Skin: alopecia

Vascular Disorders: Raynaud's phenomenon

Drug Interactions

DRUG INTERACTIONS

Drugs Having Clinically Important Interactions With Amphetamines

Table 2: Drugs having clinically important interactions with amphetamines.

MAO Inhibitors (MAOI)
Clinical Impact	Concomitant use of MAOIs and CNS stimulants can cause hypertensive crisis. Potential outcomes include death, stroke, myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, ophthalmological complications, eclampsia, pulmonary edema, and renal failure.
Intervention	Do not administer DYANAVEL XR concomitantly or within 14 days after discontinuing MAOI [see CONTRAINDICATIONS] and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Examples	Selegiline, tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid, phenelzine, linezolid, methylene blue
Serotonergic Drugs
Clinical Impact	The concomitant use of DYANAVEL XR and serotonergic drugs increases the risk of serotonin syndrome.
Intervention	Initiate with lower doses and monitor patients for signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome, particularly during DYANAVEL XR initiation or dosage increase. If serotonin syndrome occurs, discontinue DYANAVEL XR and the concomitant serotonergic drug(s) [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Examples	Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), triptans, tricyclic antidepressants, fentanyl, lithium, tramadol, tryptophan, buspirone, St. John’s Wort.
CYP2D6 Inhibitors
Clinical Impact	The concomitant use of DYANAVEL XR and CYP2D6 inhibitors may increase the exposure of DYANAVEL XR compared to the use of the drug alone and increase the risk of serotonin syndrome.
Intervention	Initiate with lower doses and monitor patients for signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome particularly during DYANAVEL XR initiation and after a dosage increase. If serotonin syndrome occurs, discontinue DYANAVEL XR and the CYP2D6 inhibitor [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS, OVERDOSAGE].
Examples	Paroxetine and fluoxetine (also serotonergic drugs), quinidine, ritonavir
Alkalinizing Agents
Clinical Impact	Increase blood levels and potentiate the action of amphetamine.
Intervention	Co-administration of DYANAVEL XR and gastrointestinal alkalinizing agents should be avoided.
Examples	Gastrointestinal alkalinizing agents (e.g., sodium bicarbonate). Urinary alkalinizing agents (e.g. acetazolamide, some thiazides).
Acidifying Agents
Clinical Impact	Lower blood levels and efficacy of amphetamines.
Intervention	Increase dose based on clinical response.
Examples	Gastrointestinal acidifying agents (e.g., guanethidine, reserpine, glutamic acid HCl, ascorbic acid). Urinary acidifying agents (e.g., ammonium chloride, sodium acid phosphate, methenamine salts).
Tricyclic Antidepressants
Clinical Impact	May enhance the activity of tricyclic or sympathomimetic agents causing striking and sustained increases in the concentration of d-amphetamine in the brain; cardiovascular effects can be potentiated.
Intervention	Monitor frequently and adjust or use alternative therapy based on clinical response.
Examples	Desipramine, protriptyline

Drug/Laboratory Test Interactions

Amphetamines can cause a significant elevation in plasma corticosteroid levels. This increase is greatest in the evening. Amphetamines may interfere with urinary steroid determinations.

Drug Abuse And Dependence

Controlled Substance

DYANAVEL XR contains amphetamine, which is a Schedule II controlled substance in the U.S. Controlled Substance Act (CSA).

Abuse

DYANAVEL XR, is a CNS stimulant that contains amphetamine which has a high potential for abuse. Abuse is characterized by impaired control over drug use, compulsive use, continued use despite harm, and craving.

Signs and symptoms of amphetamine abuse may include increased heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and/or sweating, dilated pupils, hyperactivity, restlessness, insomnia, decreased appetite, loss of coordination, tremors, flushed skin, vomiting, and/or abdominal pain. Anxiety, psychosis, hostility, aggression, suicidal or homicidal ideation have also been observed. Abusers of amphetamines may use other unapproved routes of administration which can result in overdose and death [see OVERDOSAGE].

To reduce the abuse of DYANAVEL XR, assess the risk of abuse prior to prescribing. After prescribing, keep careful prescription records, educate patients and their families about abuse and on proper storage and disposal of CNS stimulants, monitor for signs of abuse while on therapy, and re-evaluate the need for DYANAVEL XR use.

Dependence

Tolerance

Tolerance (a state of adaptation in which exposure to a drug results in a reduction of the drug's desired and/or undesired effects over time) may occur during the chronic therapy of CNS stimulants including DYANAVEL XR.

Dependence

Physical dependence (which is manifested by a withdrawal syndrome produced by abrupt cessation, rapid dose reduction, or administration of an antagonist) may occur in patients treated with CNS stimulants including DYANAVEL XR. Withdrawal symptoms after abrupt cessation following prolonged high-dosage administration of CNS stimulants include dysphoric mood; fatigue; vivid, unpleasant dreams; insomnia or hypersomnia; increased appetite; and psychomotor retardation or agitation.

Warnings & Precautions

WARNINGS

Included as part of the PRECAUTIONS section.

PRECAUTIONS

Potential For Abuse And Dependence

CNS stimulants, including DYANAVEL XR, other amphetamine-containing products, and methylphenidate, have a high potential for abuse and dependence. Assess the risk of abuse prior to prescribing, and monitor for signs of abuse and dependence while on therapy [see BOXED WARNING, Drug Abuse And Dependence].

Serious Cardiovascular Reactions

Sudden death, stroke and myocardial infarction have been reported in adults with CNS stimulant treatment at recommended doses. Sudden death has been reported in pediatric patients with structural cardiac abnormalities and other serious heart problems taking CNS stimulants at recommended doses for ADHD. Avoid use in patients with known structural cardiac abnormalities, cardiomyopathy, serious heart arrhythmia, coronary artery disease, and other serious heart problems. Further evaluate patients who develop exertional chest pain, unexplained syncope, or arrhythmias during DYANAVEL XR treatment.

Blood Pressure And Heart Rate Increases

CNS stimulants cause an increase in blood pressure (mean increase about 2 to 4 mm Hg) and heart rate (mean increase about 3 to 6 bpm). Monitor all patients for potential tachycardia and hypertension.

Psychiatric Adverse Reactions

Exacerbation Of Preexisting Psychosis

CNS stimulants may exacerbate symptoms of behavior disturbance and thought disorder in patients with a preexisting psychotic disorder.

Induction Of A Manic Episode In Patients With Bipolar Illness

CNS stimulants may induce a mixed or manic episode in patients with bipolar disorder. Prior to initiating treatment, screen patients for risk factors for developing a manic episode (e.g., comorbid or history of depressive symptoms or a family history of suicide, bipolar disorder, or depression).

New Psychotic Or Manic Symptoms

CNS stimulants, at recommended doses, may cause psychotic or manic symptoms, e.g., hallucinations, delusional thinking, or mania in patients without prior history of psychotic illness or mania. If such symptoms occur, consider discontinuing DYANAVEL XR. In a pooled analysis of multiple short-term, placebo-controlled studies of CNS stimulants, psychotic or manic symptoms occurred in 0.1% of CNS stimulant-treated patients compared to 0% in placebo-treated patients.

Long-Term Suppression Of Growth

CNS stimulants have been associated with weight loss and slowing of growth rate in pediatric patients. Closely monitor growth (weight and height) in pediatric patients treated with CNS stimulants, including DYANAVEL XR.

Peripheral Vasculopathy, Including Raynaud's Phenomenon

Stimulants, including DYANAVEL XR, used to treat ADHD are associated with peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud's phenomenon. Signs and symptoms are usually intermittent and mild; however, very rare sequelae include digital ulceration and/or soft tissue breakdown. Effects of peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud's phenomenon, were observed in postmarketing reports at different times and at therapeutic doses in all age groups throughout the course of treatment. Signs and symptoms generally improve after reduction in dose or discontinuation of drug. Careful observation for digital changes is necessary during treatment with ADHD stimulants. Further clinical evaluation (e.g., rheumatology referral) may be appropriate for certain patients.

Serotonin Syndrome

Serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening reaction, may occur when amphetamines are used in combination with other drugs that affect the serotonergic neurotransmitter systems such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), triptans, tricyclic antidepressants, fentanyl, lithium, tramadol, tryptophan, buspirone, and St. Johnâ€™s Wort [see DRUG INTERACTIONS]. Amphetamines and amphetamine derivatives are known to be metabolized, to some degree, by cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY]. The potential for a pharmacokinetic interaction exists with the co-administration of CYP2D6 inhibitors which may increase the risk of serotonin syndrome with increased exposure to DYANAVEL XR. In these situations, consider an alternative non-serotonergic drug or an alternative drug that does not inhibit CYP2D6 [see DRUG INTERACTIONS].

Serotonin syndrome symptoms may include mental status changes (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, delirium, and coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, dizziness, diaphoresis, flushing, hyperthermia), neuromuscular symptoms (e.g., tremor, rigidity, myoclonus, hyperreflexia, incoordination), seizures, and/or gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea).

Concomitant use of DYANAVEL XR with MAOI drugs is contraindicated [see CONTRAINDICATIONS].

Discontinue treatment with DYANAVEL XR and any concomitant serotonergic agents immediately if symptoms of serotonin syndrome occur, and initiate supportive symptomatic treatment. If concomitant use of DYANAVEL XR with other serotonergic drugs or CYP2D6 inhibitors is clinically warranted, initiate DYANAVEL XR with lower doses, monitor patients for the emergence of serotonin syndrome during drug initiation or titration, and inform patients of the increased risk for serotonin syndrome.

Patient Counseling Information

Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Medication Guide and Instructions for Use).

Controlled Substance Status/Potential For Abuse, Misuse, And Dependence

Advise patients that DYANAVEL XR is a federally controlled substance because it can be abused or lead to dependence. Advise patients to store DYANAVEL XR in a safe place, preferably locked, to prevent abuse. Advise patients to comply with laws and regulations on drug disposal. Advise patients to dispose of remaining, unused, or expired DYANAVEL XR by a medicine takeback program if available [see BOXED WARNING, WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS, Drug Abuse And Dependence].

Dosage And Administration Instructions

Provide the following instructions on administration to the patient:

Use with the oral dosing dispenser provided by the pharmacist.
Ensure that the bottle adapter has been firmly inserted into the bottle by the pharmacist. Once the bottle adapter has been inserted into the bottle it should not be removed.
Shake the bottle of DYANAVEL XR before each dose.
Measure the appropriate dose as prescribed by the physician.
Using the filled oral dosing dispenser, dispense DYANAVEL XR directly into mouth.
Replace bottle cap and store bottle as directed.
Wash oral dosing dispenser after each use.

Serious Cardiovascular Risks

Advise patients of serious cardiovascular risk (including sudden death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and hypertension) with DYANAVEL XR. Instruct patients to contact a healthcare provider immediately if they develop symptoms such as exertional chest pain, unexplained syncope, or other symptoms suggestive of cardiac disease [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

Blood Pressure And Heart Rate Increases

Instruct patients that DYANAVEL XR can cause elevations of their blood pressure and pulse rate [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

Psychiatric Risks

Advise patients that DYANAVEL XR, at recommended doses, may cause psychotic or manic symptoms, even in patients without a prior history of psychotic symptoms or mania [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

Long-Term Suppression Of Growth

Advise patients that DYANAVEL XR may cause slowing of growth and weight loss [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

Circulation Problems In Fingers And Toes [Peripheral Vasculopathy, Including Raynaudâ€™s Phenomenon]

Instruct patients beginning treatment with DYANAVEL XR about the risk of peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud's phenomenon, and associated signs and symptoms: fingers or toes may feel numb, cool, painful, and/or may change color from pale, to blue, to red.

Instruct patients to report to their physician any new numbness, pain, skin color change, or sensitivity to temperature in fingers or toes.

Instruct patients to call their physician immediately with any signs of unexplained wounds appearing on fingers or toes while taking DYANAVEL XR.

Further clinical evaluation (e.g., rheumatology referral) may be appropriate for certain patients [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

Serotonin Syndrome

Caution patients about the risk of serotonin syndrome with concomitant use of DYANAVEL XR and other serotonergic drugs including SSRIs, SNRIs, triptans, tricyclic antidepressants, fentanyl, lithium, tramadol, tryptophan, buspirone, St. Johnâ€™s Wort, and with drugs that impair metabolism of serotonin (in particular MAOIs, both those intended to treat psychiatric disorders and also others such as linezolid [see CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and DRUG INTERACTIONS]. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider or report to the emergency room if they experience signs or symptoms of serotonin syndrome.

Concomitant Medications

Advise patients to notify their physicians if they are taking, or plan to take, any prescription or over-the-counter drugs because there is a potential for interactions [see DRUG INTERACTIONS].

Pregnancy Registry

Advise patients to notify their healthcare provider if they become pregnant or intend to become pregnant during treatment with DYANAVEL XR. Advise patients of the potential fetal effects from the use of DYANAVEL XR during pregnancy [see Use In Specific Populations].

Pregnancy

Advise patients to notify their healthcare provider if they become pregnant or intend to become pregnant during treatment with DYANAVELXR. Advise patients of the potential fetal effects from the use of DYANAVELXR during pregnancy [see Use In Specific Populations].

Lactation

Advise women not to breastfeed if they are taking DYANAVEL XR [see Use In Specific Populations].

Alcohol

Advise patients to avoid alcohol while taking DYANAVEL XR. Consumption of alcohol while taking DYANAVEL XR may result in a more rapid release of the dose of amphetamine [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].

Nonclinical Toxicology

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment Of Fertility

Carcinogenesis

No evidence of carcinogenicity was found in studies in which d, l-amphetamine (enantiomer ratio of 1:1) was administered to mice and rats in the diet for 2 years at doses of up to 30 mg/kg/day in male mice, 19 mg/kg/day in female mice, and 5 mg/kg/day in male and female rats. These doses are approximately 4, 2, and 1 (equivalent) times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose of 20 mg/day (as base equivalents) given to children, on a mg/m basis.

Mutagenesis

Amphetamine, in the enantiomer ratio (d- to l- ratio of - 3:1), was not clastogenic in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test in vivo and was negative when tested in the E. coli component of the Ames test in vitro. d, l-Amphetamine (1:1 enantiomer ratio) has been reported to produce a positive response in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test, an equivocal response in the Ames test, and negative responses in the in vitro sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberration assays.

Impairment Of Fertility

Amphetamine, in the enantiomer ratio (d- to l- ratio of 3:1), did not adversely affect fertility or early embryonic development in the rat at doses of up to 20 mg/kg/day [approximately 8 times the maximum recommended human dose of 20 mg/day (as base equivalents) given to adolescents on a mg/m basis.

Use In Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Exposure Registry

There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to DYANAVEL XR during pregnancy. Healthcare providers are encouraged to register patients by calling the National Pregnancy Registry for Psychostimulants at 1-866-961-2388 or visiting online at https://womensmentalhealth.org/clinical-and-researchprograms/ pregnancyregistry/othermedications/.

Risk Summary

There are limited published data on the use of amphetamines in pregnant women. These data are insufficient to determine a drug-associated risk of major congenital malformations or miscarriage. Adverse pregnancy outcomes, including premature delivery and low birth weight, have been seen in infants born to mothers dependent on amphetamines. No effects on morphological development were observed in embryo-fetal development studies with oral administration of amphetamine to rats and rabbits during organogenesis at doses 2 and 12 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 20 mg/day (as base equivalents) given to adolescents, on a mg/m² basis. However, long-term neurochemical and behavioral effects have been reported in published animal developmental studies using clinically relevant doses of amphetamine [see Data]. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.

Clinical Considerations

Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions

Amphetamines, such as DYANAVEL XR, may cause vasoconstriction, including vasoconstriction of placental blood vessels, and may increase the risk for intrauterine growth restriction. In addition, amphetamines can stimulate uterine contractions increasing the risk of premature delivery. Premature delivery and low birth weight infants have been reported in amphetamine-dependent mothers.

Monitor infants born to mothers taking amphetamines for symptoms of withdrawal, such as feeding difficulties, irritability, agitation, and excessive drowsiness.

Data

Animal Data

Amphetamine (d- to l- enantiomer ratio of 3:1) had no apparent effects on embryofetal morphological development or survival when orally administered to pregnant rats and rabbits throughout the period of organogenesis at doses of up to 6 and 16 mg/kg/day, respectively. These doses are approximately 2 and 12 times, respectively, the MRHD of 20 mg/day (as base equivalents), given to adolescents, on a mg/m² basis. Fetal malformations and death have been reported in mice following parenteral administration of d-amphetamine doses of 50 mg/kg/day (approximately 10 times the MRHD) given to adolescents on a mg/m² basis or greater to pregnant animals. Administration of these doses was also associated with severe maternal toxicity.

A number of studies in rodents indicate that prenatal or early postnatal exposure to amphetamine (d- or d, l-), at doses similar to those used clinically, can result in long-term neurochemical and behavioral alterations. Reported behavioral effects include learning and memory deficits, altered locomotor activity, and changes in sexual function.

Lactation

Risk Summary

Based on limited case reports in published literature, amphetamine (d- or d, l-) is present in human milk, at relative infant doses of 2% to 13.8% of the maternal weight-adjusted dosage and a milk/plasma ratio ranging between 1.9 and 7.5. There are no reports of adverse effects on the breastfed infant and no effects on milk production. However, long term neurodevelopmental effects on infants from stimulant exposure are unknown. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in a breastfed infant, advise patients that breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with DYANAVEL XR.

Pediatric Use

Safety and effectiveness have been established in pediatric patients with ADHD ages 6 to 17 years [see ADVERSE REACTIONS, CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, and Clinical Studies]. Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients younger than 6 years with ADHD have not been established.

Long-Term Growth Suppression

Growth should be monitored during treatment with stimulants, including DYANAVEL XR, and children who are not growing or gaining weight as expected may need to have their treatment interrupted [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

Geriatric Use

DYANAVEL XR has not been studied in the geriatric population.

Overdosage & Contraindications

OVERDOSE

Consult with a Certified Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) for up-to-date guidance and advice for treatment of overdosage. Individual patient response to amphetamines varies widely. Toxic symptoms may occur idiosyncratically at low doses.

Manifestations of amphetamine overdose include restlessness, tremor, hyperreflexia, rapid respiration, confusion, assaultiveness, hallucinations, panic states, hyperpyrexia, and rhabdomyolysis. Fatigue and depression usually follow the central nervous system stimulation. Other reactions include arrhythmias, hypertension or hypotension, circulatory collapse, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. Fatal poisoning is usually preceded by convulsions and coma.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

DYANAVEL XR is contraindicated:

In patients known to be hypersensitive to amphetamine, or other components of DYANAVEL XR. Hypersensitivity reactions such as angioedema and anaphylactic reactions have been reported in patients treated with other amphetamine products [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), or within 14 days of stopping MAOIs (including MAOIs such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue), because of an increased risk of hypertensive crisis [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS, DRUG INTERACTIONS].

Clinical Pharmacology

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Mechanism Of Action

Amphetamines are non-catecholamine sympathomimetic amines with CNS stimulant activity. The mode of therapeutic action in ADHD is not known.

Pharmacodynamics

Amphetamines block the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine into the presynaptic neuron and increase the release of these monoamines into the extraneuronal space.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption

Following a single, 18.8 mg oral dose of DYANAVEL XR in 29 healthy adult subjects in a crossover study under fasting conditions, d- and l-amphetamine, the median (range) time to peak plasma concentrations (Tmax) were 4 (2 â€“ 7) hours after dosing and peak concentration (Cmax) was 102% and 106%, respectively of the C of immediate-release (IR) mixed amphetamine salts (MAS) tablets. The relative bioavailability of DYANAVEL XR compared with an equal dose of IR MAS tablets is 106% of d-amphetamine and 111% for l-amphetamine.

Following a single, 18.8 mg oral dose of DYANAVEL XR in 28 healthy adult subjects in a crossover study under fasting conditions, the exposures (Cmax and AUC) to d- and l-amphetamine was comparable to that after administration of equal dose of extended release (ER) mixed amphetamine salt (MAS). The median (range) time to peak plasma concentrations (Tmax) was about 4 (2 - 7) hours and 5 (3 - 7) hours for d- and l-amphetamine, respectively. Peak concentration (Cmax) was 93% and 94%, respectively, of the C of ER MAS capsules. The relative bioavailability of DYANAVEL XR compared with an equal dose of ER MAS capsules is 94% for both d- and l-amphetamine.

Figure 1: Mean d- and l- amphetamine Plasma Concentration-Time Profile Following Administration of a Single Dose (18.8 mg amphetamine base) of DYANAVEL XR and MAS ER Under Fasting Conditions

Metabolism And Excretion

DYANAVEL XR contains d-amphetamine and l-amphetamine in a ratio of 3.2 to 1. Following a single 18.8 mg oral dose of DYANAVEL XR in 29 healthy adult subjects under fasting conditions, the mean (± SD) plasma terminal elimination half-life of d-amphetamine was 12.36 (± 2.95 h) hours and the mean (± SD) plasma terminal half-life for l-amphetamine was 15.12 (± 4.40 h) hours. Amphetamine is reported to be oxidized at the 4 position of the benzene ring to form 4-hydroxyamphetamine, or on the side chain A or B carbons to form alpha-hydroxy-amphetamine or norephedrine, respectively. Norephedrine and 4-hydroxyamphetamine are both active and each is subsequently oxidized to form 4-hydroxy-norephedrine. Alpha-hydroxy-amphetamine undergoes deamination to form phenylacetone, which ultimately forms benzoic acid and its glucuronide and the glycine conjugate hippuric acid. Although the enzymes involved in amphetamine metabolism have not been clearly defined, CYP2D6 is known to be involved with formation of 4-hydroxy-amphetamine. Since CYP2D6 is genetically polymorphic, population variations in amphetamine metabolism are a possibility.

Amphetamine is known to inhibit monoamine oxidase, whereas the ability of amphetamine and its metabolites to inhibit various P450 isozymes and other enzymes has not been adequately elucidated. In vitro experiments with human microsomes indicate minor inhibition of CYP2D6 by amphetamine and minor inhibition of CYP1A2, 2D6, and 3A4 by one or more metabolites. However, due to the probability of auto-inhibition and the lack of information on the concentration of these metabolites relative to in vivo concentrations, no predications regarding the potential for amphetamine or its metabolites to inhibit the metabolism of other drugs by CYP isozymes in vivo can be made.

With normal urine pHs approximately half of an administered dose of amphetamine is recoverable in urine as derivatives of alpha-hydroxy-amphetamine and approximately another 30% to 40% of the dose is recoverable in urine as amphetamine itself. Since amphetamine has a pKa of 9.9, urinary recovery of amphetamine is highly dependent on pH and urine flow rates. Alkaline urine pHs result in less ionization and reduced renal elimination, and acidic pHs and high flow rates result in increased renal elimination with clearances greater than glomerular filtration rates, indicating the involvement of active secretion. Urinary recovery of amphetamine has been reported to range from 1% to 75%, depending on urinary pH, with the remaining fraction of the dose hepatically metabolized. Consequently, both hepatic and renal dysfunctions have the potential to inhibit the elimination of amphetamine and result in prolonged exposures. In addition, drugs that affect urinary pH are known to alter the elimination of amphetamine, and any decrease in amphetamineâ€™s metabolism that might occur due to drug interactions or genetic polymorphisms is more likely to be clinically significant when renal elimination is decreased [see DRUG INTERACTIONS].

Food Effect

In a study in adult volunteers to investigate the effects of a high-fat meal on the bioavailability of DYANAVEL XR at a dose of 18.8 mg, the presence of food delayed the time to peak concentration of both d- and l-amphetamine by approximately 1 hour (fed: median [range] 5 [3 to 8] hours vs. fasted:4 [2 to 7] hours). Overall, a high-fat meal increased the average Cmax of both isomers of DYANAVEL XR by about 2% and decreased the AUC by 5% to 7% (5.7% decrease for d-amphetamine and 7.4% for l-amphetamine). These changes are not considered clinically significant.

Specific Populations

Pediatric

Following a single 10 mg oral dose of DYANAVEL XR in 12 pediatric subjects with ADHD (aged 6 to 12 years) under fasting conditions, d-amphetamine and l-amphetamine peak plasma concentrations occurred at a median time of 3.9 and 4.5 hours after dosing, respectively. The mean plasma terminal elimination half-life of d-amphetamine was 10.43 (± 2.01 h) hours and the mean plasma terminal half-life for l-amphetamine was 12.14 (± 3.15 h) hours.

Alcohol Effect

There is no in vivo study conducted for the effect of alcohol on drug exposure. An in vitro dissolution study showed alcoholinduced dose dumping potential in the presence of 40% alcohol. Dose dumping was not observed in the presence of lower alcohol concentrations.

Animal Toxicology And/Or Pharmacology

Acute administration of high doses of amphetamine (d- or d, l-) has been shown to produce long-lasting neurotoxic effects, including irreversible nerve fiber damage, in rodents. The significance of these findings to humans is unknown.

Clinical Studies

The efficacy of DYANAVEL XR was evaluated in a laboratory classroom study conducted in 108 pediatric patients (aged 6 to 12 years) with ADHD. The study began with an open-label dose optimization period (5 weeks) with an initial DYANAVEL XR dose of 2.5 or 5 mg once daily in the morning. The dose could be titrated weekly in increments of 2.5 to 10 mg until an optimal dose or the maximum dose of 20 mg/day was reached. Subjects then entered a 1-week randomized, double-blind treatment with the individually optimized dose of DYANAVEL XR or placebo. At the end of the week, school teachers and raters evaluated the attention and behavior of the subjects in a laboratory classroom using the Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn, and Pelham (SKAMP) rating scale. SKAMP is a 13-item teacher-rated scale that assesses manifestations of ADHD in a classroom setting. Each item is rated on a 7-point impairment scale.

The primary efficacy endpoint was change from pre-dose in the SKAMP-Combined score at 4 hours post-dosing. The key secondary efficacy parameters were onset and duration of clinical effect. The change scores from pre-dose SKAMP-Combined scores at post-dose time points (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 13 hours) were used to evaluate the key secondary efficacy. Results from the double-blind, placebo-controlled week of the study are summarized in Table 3 and Figure 2.

SKAMP-Combined change scores from pre-dose demonstrated a statistically significant improvement at all time points (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13 hours) post-dosing with DYANAVEL XR compared to placebo.

Table 3: Primary efficacy result.

Study Number	Treatment Group	Primary Efficacy Measure: SKAMP-Combined Score
		Mean Pre-dose Score (SD)	LS Mean Change from PreDose at 4 Hours Post-Dosing (SE)	Placebo-subtracted Difference^a (95% CI)
Study 1	DYANAVEL XR	17.3 (8.88)	-8.8 (1.14)	-14.8 (-17.9, -11.6)
	Placebo	15.5 (7.35)	6.0 (1.19)	--
SD: standard deviation; SE: standard error; LS Mean: least-squares mean; CI: confidence interval. ^aDifference (drug minus placebo) in least-squares mean change from pre-dose.

Figure 2: Change from pre-dose in SKAMP-Combined Score after treatment with DYANAVEL XR or Placebo

Change from pre-dose in SKAMP-Combined Score
after treatment with DYANAVEL XR or Placebo - Illustration

Medication Guide

PATIENT INFORMATION

DYANAVEL XR
(di-an-uh-vel)
(amphetamine) extended-release oral suspension

What is the most important information I should know about DYANAVEL XR?

DYANAVEL XR can cause serious side effects, including:

Abuse and dependence. DYANAVEL XR, other amphetamine containing medicines, and methylphenidate have a high chance for abuse and can cause physical and psychological dependence. Your healthcare provider should check you or your child for signs of abuse and dependence before, and during, treatment with DYANAVEL XR.
- Tell your healthcare provider if you or your child have ever abused or been dependent on alcohol, prescription medicines, or street drugs.
- Your healthcare provider can tell you more about the differences between physical and psychological dependence and drug addiction.
Heart-related problems, including:
- sudden death, stroke and heart attack in adults
- sudden death in children 6 to 17 years old, who have heart problems or heart defects
- increased blood pressure and heart rate

Your healthcare provider should check you or your child carefully for heart problems before starting DYANAVEL XR. Tell your healthcare provider if you or your child have any heart problems, heart defects, high blood pressure, or a family history of these problems.

Your healthcare provider should check your or your childâ€™s blood pressure and heart rate regularly during treatment with DYANAVEL XR.

Call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away if you or your child have any signs of heart problems such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or fainting while taking DYANAVEL XR.

Mental (psychiatric) problems, including:
- new or worse behavior and thought problems
- new or worse bipolar illness
- new psychotic symptoms (such as hearing voices, or seeing or believing things that are not real) or new manic symptoms
- Tell your healthcare provider about any mental problems you or your child have, or about a family history of suicide, bipolar illness, or depression.

Call your healthcare provider right away if you or your child have any new or worsening mental symptoms or problems while taking DYANAVEL XR, especially hearing voices, seeing or believing things that are not real, or new manic symptoms.

What is DYANAVEL XR?

DYANAVEL XR is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant prescription medicine used for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in people 6 years and older. DYANAVEL XR may help increase attention and decrease impulsiveness and hyperactivity in people with ADHD.

It is not known if DYANAVEL XR is safe and effective in children under 6 years of age.

DYANAVEL XR is a federally controlled substance (CII) because it contains amphetamine that can be a target for people who abuse prescription medicines or street drugs. Keep DYANAVEL XR in a safe place to protect it from theft. Never give your DYANAVEL XR to anyone else, because it may cause death or harm them. Selling or giving away DYANAVEL XR may harm others and is against the law.

Do not take DYANAVEL XR if you or your child are:

allergic to amphetamine or any of the ingredients in DYANAVEL XR. See the end of this Medication Guide for a complete list of ingredients in DYANAVEL XR.
taking or have taken within the past 14 days a medicine used to treat depression called a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).

Before taking DYANAVEL XR tell your healthcare provider about all medical conditions, including if you or your child:

have heart problems, heart defects, or high blood pressure
have mental problems including psychosis, mania, bipolar illness, or depression
have circulation problems in fingers and toes
have kidney problems
are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if DYANAVEL XR will harm your unborn baby. Tell your healthcare provider if you become pregnant during treatment with DYANAVEL XR.
- There is a pregnancy registry for females who are exposed to DYANAVEL XR during pregnancy. The purpose of the registry is to collect information about the health of females exposed to DYANAVEL XR and their baby. If you or your child becomes pregnant during treatment with DYANAVEL XR, talk to your healthcare provider about registering with the National Pregnancy Registry or Psychostimulants at 1-866-961-2388 or visit https://womensmeantalhealth.org/clinical-and-researchprograms/ pregnancyregistry/othermedications/.
are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. DYANAVEL XR passes into breast milk. You should not breastfeed while you are taking DYANAVEL XR.
Tell your healthcare provider about all of the medicines that you or your child takes, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.

DYANAVEL XR and some medicines may interact with each other and cause serious side effects. Sometimes the doses of other medicines will need to be adjusted while taking DYANAVEL XR.

Especially tell your healthcare provider if you or your child take medicines used to treat depression including MAOIs.

Your healthcare provider will decide whether DYANAVEL XR can be taken with other medicines. Do not start any new medicine while taking DYANAVEL XR without talking to your healthcare provider first.

How should I take DYANAVEL XR?

See the detailed “Instructions for Use” for information on how to give a dose of DYANAVEL XR.

Take DYANAVEL XR exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
Your healthcare provider may change the dose if needed.
Take DYANAVEL XR 1 time each day in the morning.
DYANAVEL XR can be taken with or without food.
Your healthcare provider may sometimes stop DYANAVEL XR treatment for a while to check ADHD symptoms.
If you or your child take(s) too much DYANAVEL XR, call your healthcare provider or poison control center, or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away. In case of poisoning call your poison control center at 1-800-222-1222.

What should I avoid while taking DYANAVEL XR?

drinking alcohol

What are possible side effects of DYANAVEL XR?

DYANAVEL XR can cause serious side effects, including:

See “What is the most important information I should know about DYANAVEL XR?”
Slowing of growth (height and weight) in children. Children should have their height and weight checked often while taking DYANAVEL XR.
Circulation problems in fingers and toes (peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaudâ€™s phenomenon). Signs and symptoms may include:
- fingers or toes may feel numb, cool, painful
- fingers or toes may change color from pale, to blue, to red

Tell your healthcare provider if you or your child have numbness, pain, skin color change, or sensitivity to temperature in your fingers or toes.

Call your healthcare provider right away if you or your child have any signs of unexplained wounds appearing on fingers or toes while taking DYANAVEL XR.

Serotonin syndrome. This problem may happen when DYANAVEL XR is taken with certain other medicines and may be life-threatening. Stop taking DYANAVEL XR and call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency room if you get symptoms or serotonin syndrome which may include:
- agitation, hallucinations, coma, other changes in mental status
- fast heartbeat
- sweating or fever
- nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
- high or low blood pressure
- problems controlling your movements or muscle twitching
- muscle stiffness or tightness
The most common side effects of amphetamine products include:
- dry mouth
- decreased appetite
- weight loss
- stomach pain
- nausea
- trouble sleeping
- restlessness
- extreme mood changes
- dizziness
- increased heart rate

These are not all the possible side effects of DYANAVEL XR.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

How should I store DYANAVEL XR?

Store DYANAVEL XR at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
Store DYANAVEL XR in a safe place, like a locked cabinet.
Dispose of remaining, unused, or expired DYANAVEL XR by a medicine take-back program at authorized collection sites such as retail pharmacies, hospital or clinic pharmacies, and law enforcement locations. If no take-back program or authorized collector is available, mix DYANAVEL XR with an undesirable, nontoxic substance such as dirt, cat litter, or used coffee grounds to make it less appealing to children and pets. Place the mixture in a container such as a sealed plastic bag and throw away DYANAVEL XR in the household trash.

Keep DYANAVEL XR and all medicines out of the reach of children.

General information about the safe and effective use of DYANAVEL XR

Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in the Medication Guide. Do not use DYANAVEL XR for a condition for which it has not been prescribed. Do not give DYANAVEL XR to other people, even if they have the same condition. It may harm them and it is against the law. You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information about DYANAVEL XR that was written for health professionals.

What are the ingredients in DYANAVEL XR?

DYANAVEL XR extended-release oral suspension:

Active Ingredient: amphetamine

Instructions for Use

DYANAVEL XR
(di-an-uh-vel)
(amphetamine) extended-release oral suspension

Read this Instructions for Use before taking DYANAVEL XR and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This leaflet does not take the place of talking with the healthcare provider about your or your childâ€™s medical condition or treatment.

Step 1:

Check the DYANAVEL XR bottle to make sure that the bottle adapter has been inserted into the bottle by the pharmacist. Do not remove the bottle adapter.
Check to make sure your pharmacist has given you an oral dosing dispenser.
Tell your pharmacist if an oral dosing dispenser is not provided or the bottle adapter is missing from the neck of the bottle.

Check the DYANAVEL XR bottle to make sure that the bottle adapter has been inserted into the bottle by the pharmacist - Illustration

Step 2:

Shake the bottle well (up and down).

Step 3:

Check the DYANAVEL XR oral dosing dispenser to find the right dose in milliliters (mL) that you or your childâ€™s healthcare provider has prescribed.

Check the DYANAVEL XR oral dosing dispenser to find the right dose in milliliters (mL) that you or your childâ€™s healthcare provider has prescribed - Illustration

Step 4:

Place the DYANAVEL XR bottle upright and insert tip of the oral dosing dispenser into the bottle.

Step 5:

Push the plunger all the way down.

Push the plunger all the way down - Illustration

Step 6:

With the oral dosing dispenser in place, hold the DYANAVEL XR bottle with 1 hand and turn the bottle upside down. Pull the plunger down until the white end of the plunger reaches the number of mLs you need for the prescribed dose.

With the oral dosing dispenser in place, hold the
DYANAVEL XR bottle with 1 hand and turn the bottle upside down - Illustration

Step 7:

Turn the bottle over and place upright on a counter top, then remove the oral dosing dispenser from the bottle adapter.

Turn the bottle over and place upright on a counter top, then remove the oral dosing dispenser from the bottle adapter - Illustration

Step 8:

Place the tip of the oral dosing dispenser into you or your childâ€™s mouth. Point the tip toward the cheek and slowly push the plunger all the way down to give the DYANAVEL XR dose.

Place the tip of the oral dosing dispenser into you or your childâ€™s mouth - Illustration

Step 9:

Put the DYANAVEL XR cap back on the bottle and close tightly.

Put the DYANAVEL XR cap back on the bottle and close tightly - Illustration

Step 10:

Clean the oral dosing dispenser after each use by placing in the dishwasher, or by rinsing with tap water.

Clean the oral dosing dispenser after each use by placing in the dishwasher, or by rinsing with tap water - Illustration

How should I store DYANAVEL XR?

Store DYANAVEL XR at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
Store DYANAVEL XR in a safe place, like a locked cabinet.
Dispose of remaining, unused, or expired DYANAVEL XR by a medicine take-back program at authorized collection sites such as retail pharmacies, hospital or clinic pharmacies, and law enforcement locations. If no take-back program or authorized collector is available, mix DYANAVEL XR with an undesirable, nontoxic substance such as dirt, cat litter, or used coffee grounds to make it less appealing to children and pets. Place the mixture in a container such as a sealed plastic bag and throw away DYANAVEL XR in the household trash.

Keep DYANAVEL XR and all medicines out of the reach of children.

This Instructions for Use has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration

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