Dico
Dico - General Information
Narcotic analgesic related to codeine, but more potent and more addicting by weight. It is used also as cough suppressant. [PubChem]
Pharmacology of Dico
Dico, a semisynthetic opiate agonist and hydrogenated ketone derivative, is similar to other phenanthrene derivatives, such as codeine. Used as an analgesic, hydrocodone is combined with acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or aspirin to treat pain. Used as an antitussive, hydrocodone is combined with phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, guaifenesin, pyrilamine, pheniramine, or chlorpheniramine.
Dico for patients
Acetaminophen with hydrocodone is used for the relief of moderate to severe pain. Inform your physican if you are pregnant or nursing. This medication may cause dizziness, drowsiness, or blurred vision; use caution while driving or operating hazardous machinery. Do not take any other sedating drugs or drink alcohol while taking acetaminophen with hydrocodone. This medication may be habit forming. Withdrawal symptoms may occur after you stop taking acetaminophen with hydrocodone. Inform your physician if shortness of breath or breathing difficulty occur. May cause nausea, vomiting or constipation; notify your physician if these occur. May be taken with food if GI upset occurs.
Dico Interactions
Patients receiving other narcotic analgesics, antipsychotics, antianxiety agents, or other CNS depressants (including alcohol) concomitantly with hydrocodone and acetaminophen tablets may exhibit an additive CNS depression. When combined therapy is contemplated, the dose of one or both agents should be reduced.
The use of MAO inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants with hydrocodone preparations may increase the effect of either the antidepressant or hydrocodone.
The concurrent use of anticholinergics with hydrocodone may produce paralytic ileus.
Dico Contraindications
This product should not be administered to patients who have previously exhibited hypersensitivity to hydrocodone or acetaminophen.
Patients known to be hypersensitive to other opioids may exhibit cross-sensitivity to hydrocodone.
Additional information about Dico
Dico Indication: For relief of moderate to moderately severe pain.
Mechanism Of Action: Dico acts as a weak agonist at OP1, OP2, and OP3 opiate receptors within the central nervous system (CNS). Dico primarily affects OP3 receptors, which are coupled with G-protein receptors and function as modulators, both positive and negative, of synaptic transmission via G-proteins that activate effector proteins. Binding of the opiate stimulates the exchange of GTP for GDP on the G-protein complex. As the effector system is adenylate cyclase and cAMP located at the inner surface of the plasma membrane, opioids decrease intracellular cAMP by inhibiting adenylate cyclase. Subsequently, the release of nociceptive neurotransmitters such as substance P, GABA, dopamine, acetylcholine, and noradrenaline is inhibited. Opioids such as hydrocodone also inhibit the release of vasopressin, somatostatin, insulin, and glucagon. Opioids close N-type voltage-operated calcium channels (OP2-receptor agonist) and open calcium-dependent inwardly rectifying potassium channels (OP3 and OP1 receptor agonist). This results in hyperpolarization and reduced neuronal excitability.
Drug Interactions: Cimetidine Cimetidine increases the effect of the narcotic
Naltrexone Naltrexone may precipitate a withdrawal syndrome in opiod-dependent individual
Food Interactions: Avoid alcohol.
Take with food.
To avoid constipation: increase your daily intake of fiber (beans, whole grains, vegetables).
Generic Name: Hydrocodone
Synonyms: Hidrocodona [Inn-Spanish]; Hydrocodon; Dihydrocodeinone; Hydrocodonum [Inn-Latin]; Hydrocone; Hydroconum; Idrocodone [Dcit]
Drug Category: Analgesics; Antitussives; Narcotics
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Illicit; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Hydrocodone: Bekadid; Codinovo; Dico; Dicodid; Multacodin;
Absorption: Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Toxicity (Overdose): Symptoms of overdose include respiratory depression (a decrease in respiratory rate and/or tidal volume, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, cyanosis), extreme somnolence progressing to stupor or coma, skeletal muscle flaccidity, dizziness, ringing in the ears, confusion, blurred vision, eye problems, cold and clammy skin, and sometimes bradycardia and hypotension. In severe overdose, apnea, circulatory collapse, cardiac arrest and death may occur. LD50=85.7mg/kg (subcutaneous, in mice).
Protein Binding: As most agents in the 5-ring morphinan group of semi-synthetic opioids bind plasma protein to a similar degree (range 19% [hydromorphone] to 45% [oxycodone]), hydrocodone is expected to fall within this range.
Biotransformation: Hepatic and also in intestinal mucosa.
Half Life: 1.25-3 hours
Dosage Forms of Dico: Tablet Oral
Syrup Oral
Chemical IUPAC Name: 4,5-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-one
Chemical Formula: C18H21NO3
Hydrocodone on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocodone
Organisms Affected: Humans and other mammals
