Spectro-Genta: Full Drug Profile
Spectro-Genta - General Information
A complex of three different closely related aminoglycoside sulfates, Spectro-Gentas C1, C2, and C1(subA), obtained from Micromonospora purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit protein synthesis (genetic translation). [PubChem]
Pharmacology of Spectro-Genta
Spectro-Genta is a broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic. Aminoglycosides work by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of t-RNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth. Aminoglycosides are useful primarily in infections involving aerobic, Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Enterobacter. In addition, some mycobacteria, including the bacteria that cause tuberculosis, are susceptible to aminoglycosides. Infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria can also be treated with aminoglycosides, but other types of antibiotics are more potent and less damaging to the host. In the past the aminoglycosides have been used in conjunction with penicillin-related antibiotics in streptococcal infections for their synergistic effects, particularly in endocarditis. Aminoglycosides are mostly ineffective against anaerobic bacteria, fungi and viruses.
Spectro-Genta for patients
Spectro-Genta Interactions
No information provided.
Spectro-Genta Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to gentamicin is a contraindication to its use. A history of hypersensitivity or serious toxic reactions to other aminoglycosides may contraindicate use of gentamicin because of the known cross-sensitivity of patients to drugs in this class.
Additional information about Spectro-Genta
Spectro-Genta Indication: For treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: P. aeruginosa, Proteus species (indole-positive and indole-negative), E. coli, Klebsiella-Enterobactor-Serratia species, Citrobacter species and Staphylococcus species (coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative). Mechanism Of Action: Aminoglycosides like gentamicin "irreversibly" bind to specific 30S-subunit proteins and 16S rRNA. Specifically gentamicin binds to four nucleotides of 16S rRNA and a single amino acid of protein S12. This interferes with decoding site in the vicinity of nucleotide 1400 in 16S rRNA of 30S subunit. This region interacts with the wobble base in the anticodon of tRNA. This leads to interference with the initiation complex, misreading of mRNA so incorrect amino acids are inserted into the polypeptide leading to nonfunctional or toxic peptides and the breakup of polysomes into nonfunctional monosomes. Drug Interactions: Atracurium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxantDoxacurium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxantGallamine Triethiodide The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxantMetocurine The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxantMivacurium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxantPancuronium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxantPipecuronium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxantRocuronium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxantSuccinylcholine The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxantTubocurarine The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxantVecuronium The agent increases the effect of muscle relaxantBumetanide Increased ototoxicityEthacrynic acid Increased ototoxicityFurosemide Increased ototoxicityTorasemide Increased ototoxicityThalidomide Thalidomide increases the renal toxicity of the aminoglycosideCisplatin Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCefradine Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCephapirin Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCefamandole Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCefazolin Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCefonicid Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCefoperazone Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCeforanide Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCefotaxime Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCefotetan Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCefoxitin Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCeftazidime Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCeftizoxime Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCeftriaxone Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCefuroxime Increased risk of nephrotoxicityCephalothin Group Increased risk of nephrotoxicity Food Interactions: Not Available Generic Name: Gentamicin Synonyms: Not Available Drug Category: Anti-Bacterial Agents Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved Other Brand Names containing Gentamicin: Alcomicin; Apogen; Bristagen; G-Mycin; G-Myticin; Garamycin; Garamycin Otic Solution; Genoptic Liquifilm; Genoptic S.O.P.; Gentacidin; Gentafair; Gentak; Gentamar; Gentamcin Sulfate; Jenamicin; Ocu-Mycin; Spectro-Genta; U-gencin; Absorption: Injections lead to peak serum concentrations in 30-60 minutes. Topical gentamicin is readily absorbed from large burned, denuded, or granulating areas but not through intact skin. Absorption of gentamicin is faster and greater with the cream compared to the ointment. Gentamicin is absorbed in small quantities following topical application to the eye. Gentamicin is also absorbed in small amounts following topical application to the ear (especially if the eardrum is perforated or if tissue damage is present). Toxicity (Overdose): Mouse, intravenous LD50: 52 mg/kg; rat, intravenous LD50: 96 mg/kg. Protein Binding: Low (between 0 and 30%) Biotransformation: Not Available Half Life: 3-3½ hours in infants one week to six months of age; this increases to 5½ hours in full-term and large premature infants less than one week old. Dosage Forms of Spectro-Genta: Solution IntravenousOintment TopicalSolution / drops Auricular (otic)Solution OphthalmicSolution Auricular (otic)Liquid OphthalmicSolution / drops OphthalmicOintment OphthalmicCream Topical Chemical IUPAC Name: 2-[4,6-diamino-3-[3-amino-6-(1-methylaminoethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy-5-methyl-4-methylaminooxane-3,5-diol Chemical Formula: C21H43N5O7 Gentamicin on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentamicin Organisms Affected: Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria