Salurin: Full Drug Profile

Salurin - General Information

A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p830)

Pharmacology of Salurin

Trichloromethiazide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, and corticosteroid and estrogen therapy. Trichloromethiazide has also been found useful in edema due to various forms of renal dysfunction such as nephrotic syndrome, acute glomer-ulonephritis, and chronic renal failure. Trichloromethiazide is also indicated in the management of hypertension either as the sole therapeutic agent or to enhance the effectiveness of other antihypertensive drugs in the more severe forms of hypertension. Like other thiazides, Trichloromethiazide promotes water loss from the body (diuretics). They inhibit Na⁺/Cl^- reabsorption from the distal convoluted tubules in the kidneys. Thiazides also cause loss of potassium and an increase in serum uric acid. Thiazides are often used to treat hypertension, but their hypotensive effects are not necessarily due to their diuretic activity. Thiazides have been shown to prevent hypertension-related morbidity and mortality although the mechanism is not fully understood. Thiazides cause vasodilation by activating calcium-activated potassium channels (large conductance) in vascular smooth muscles and inhibiting various carbonic anhydrases in vascular tissue.

Additional information about Salurin

Salurin Indication

Used in the treatment of oedema (including that associated with heart failure) and hypertension.

Mechanism Of Action

Salurin appears to block the active reabsorption of chloride and possibly sodium in the ascending loop of Henle, altering electrolyte transfer in the proximal tubule. This results in excretion of sodium, chloride, and water and, hence, diuresis. As a diuretic, Trichloromethiazide inhibits active chloride reabsorption at the early distal tubule via the Na-Cl cotransporter, resulting in an increase in the excretion of sodium, chloride, and water. Thiazides like Trichloromethiazide also inhibit sodium ion transport across the renal tubular epithelium through binding to the thiazide sensitive sodium-chloride transporter. This results in an increase in potassium excretion via the sodium-potassium exchange mechanism. The antihypertensive mechanism of Trichloromethiazide is less well understood although it may be mediated through its action on carbonic anhydrases in the smooth muscle or through its action on the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channel, also found in the smooth muscle.

Generic Name

Trichlormethiazide

Drug Category

Diuretics; Antihypertensive Agents

Drug Type

Small Molecule; Approved

Other Brand Names containing Trichlormethiazide

Achletin; Anatran; Anistadin; Aponorin; Carvacron; Chlopolidine; Cretonin; Diu-Hydrin; Diurazida; Diurese; Diuroral; Esmarin; Eurinol; Fluitran; Flurese; Flutra; Gangesol; Hydrotrichlorothiazide; Intromene; Isestran; Kubacron; Metahydrin; Metatensin; Nakva; Naqua; Naquasone; Salurin; Schebitran; Tachionin; Tolcasone; Trichlorex; Trichlormas; Trichlormetazid; Trichlormethiazid; Trichlormethiazide W/ Reserpine; Trichloromethiadiazide; Trichloromethiazide; Triclordiuride; Triclormetiazide; Triflumen;

Toxicity (Overdose)

Oral Rat LD₅₀ = 5600 mg/kg, oral Mouse LD₅₀ = 2600 mg/kg

Chemical IUPAC Name

6-chloro-3-(dichloromethyl)-1,1-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[e][1,2,4]thiadiazine-7-sulfonamide

Chemical Formula

C8H8Cl3N3O4S2

Organisms Affected

Humans and other mammals