dyphylline (Dilor, Lufyllin)

Dosing and uses of Dilor, Lufyllin (dyphylline)

• Adult
• Pediatric

 

Adult dosage forms and strengths

tablet

• 200mg
• 400mg

 

Asthma/Reversible Bronchospasm

Up to 15 mg/kg PO q6hr PRn

Reduce in renal impairment

 

Renal Impairment

CrCl >50 mL/min: Administer 75% of normal dose

CrCl 10-50 mL/min: Administer 50% of normal dose

CrCl < 10 mL/min: Administer 25% of normal dose

 

Hepatic Impairment

Not studied

 

Pediatric dosage forms and strengths

Safety & efficacy not established

 

Dilor, Lufyllin (dyphylline) adverse (side) effects

Frequency not defined

Mild & infrequent

Headache

Nausea

Circulatory failure

Irritability

Ventricular arrhythmia

Hypotension

Tachycardia

Hyperglycemia

Muscle twitching

Albuminuria

Diuresis

Hematuria

Tachypnea

Restlessness

Seizure

Palpitation

Extrasystoles

Insomnia

Upset stomach

 

Warnings

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to dyphylline or other xanthines

 

Cautions

Use caution in severe cardiac disease, HTN, hyperthyroidism, acute myocardial injury, peptic ulcer disease, renal impairment

Not for status asthmaticus

 

Pregnancy and lactation

Pregnancy category: C

Lactation: Excreted in breast milk; use with caution

 

Pregnancy categories

A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

NA: Information not available.

 

Pharmacology of Dilor, Lufyllin (dyphylline)

Mechanism of action

Bronchodilator; also exhibits peripheral vasodilatory and bronchial smooth muscle relaxant activity

 

Pharmacokinetics

Peak plasma time: 45 min

Peak plasma:concentration: 1 g dose: 17 mcg/mL

Half-Life: 2 hr

Absorption: Rapid

Metabolism: not metabolized

Excretion: Urine (88%)