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Definition of Proteins, G
Medically reviewed by Dr. Otari Nergadze, Neurosurgeon | Updated: January 2026
Proteins, G: These molecules have been described as "biological traffic lights." Located inside the cell, G proteins are able respond to signals outside the cell-light, smell, hormones-and translate (transduce) these signals into action within the cell. Alfred G. Gilman and Martin Rodbell shared the 1994 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for "their discovery of G- proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells."