Asparlas Generic Name: calaspargase pegol-mknl injection Brand Name: Asparlas side effects drug center asparlas (calaspargase pegol-mknl injection) drug Related Drugs Belrapzo Bosulif Cytarabine Cytoxan Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Gleevec Prednisone Rituxan Rituxan Hycela Tasigna Health Resources Doxorubicin PROFESSIONAL CONSUMER SIDE EFFECTS Contents Drug Description Indications & Dosage Side Effects & Drug Interactions Warnings & Precautions Overdosage & Contraindications Clinical Pharmacology Medication Guide Drug Description What is Asparlas and how is it used? Asparlas is a prescription medicine used to treat the symptoms of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Asparlas may be used alone or with other medications. Asparlas belongs to a class of drugs called Enzymes, Oncology. It is not known if Asparlas is safe and effective in children younger than 1 month of age. What are the possible side effects of Asparlas? Asparlas may cause serious side effects including: hives, itching, redness, lightheadedness, wheezing, difficulty breathing, swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat, easy bruising, unusual bleeding, increased thirst, increased urination, dry mouth, fruity breath odor, severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, stomach pain (upper right side), dark urine, yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), headache, sudden numbness or weakness, blurred vision, chest pain, and swelling or redness in an arm or leg Get medical help right away, if you have any of the symptoms listed above. The most common side effects of Asparlas include: pancreatitis, blood clotting problems, and abnormal liver function tests Tell the doctor if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away. These are not all the possible side effects of Asparlas. For more information, ask your doctor or pharmacist. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. DESCRIPTION Calaspargase pegol-mknl contains an asparagine specific enzyme derived from Escherichia coli, as a conjugate of L-asparaginase (L-asparagine amidohydrolase) and monomethoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG) with a succinimidyl carbonate (SC) linker. The SC linker is a chemically stable carbamate bond between the mPEG moiety and the lysine groups of L-asparaginase. L-asparaginase is a tetrameric enzyme that is produced endogenously by E. coli and consists of identical 34.5 kDa subunits. Approximately 31 to 39 molecules of SC-PEG are linked to L-asparaginase; the molecular weight of each SC-PEG molecule is about 5 kDa. The activity of ASPARLAS is expressed in units (U). ASPARLAS injection is supplied as a clear, colorless, preservative-free, isotonic sterile solution in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.3 that requires dilution prior to intravenous infusion. Each vial of ASPARLAS contains 3,750 units in 5 mL of solution. Each milliliter contains 750 units of calaspargase pegol-mknl; dibasic sodium phosphate, USP (5.58 mg); monobasic sodium phosphate, USP (1.20 mg); and sodium chloride, USP (8.50 mg) in water for injection, USP. Indications & Dosage INDICATIONS Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ASPARLAS is indicated as a component of a multi-agent chemotherapeutic regimen for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in pediatric and young adult patients age 1 month to 21 years. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Recommended Dosage The recommended dose of ASPARLAS is 2,500 units/m2 given intravenously no more frequently than every 21 days. Dose Modifications Monitor patients at least weekly, with bilirubin, transaminases, glucose and clinical examinations until recovery from the cycle of therapy. If an adverse reaction should occur, modify treatment according to Table 1. Table 1. Dose Modifications Adverse Reaction Severity* Action Infusion Reaction or Hypersensitivity Reaction Grade 1 Reduce the infusion rate by 50% Grade 2 Interrupt the infusion of ASPARLAS Treat the symptoms When symptoms resolve, resume the infusion and reduce the infusion rate by 50% Grade 3 to 4 Discontinue ASPARLAS permanently Hemorrhage Grade 3 to 4 Hold ASPARLAS. Evaluate for coagulopathy and consider clotting factor replacement as needed. Resume ASPARLAS with the next scheduled dose if bleeding is controlled. Pancreatitis Grades 3 to 4 Hold ASPARLAS for elevations in lipase or amylase >3 times the ULN until enzyme levels stabilize or are declining Discontinue ASPARLAS permanently if clinical pancreatitis is confirmed. Thromboembolism Uncomplicated deep vein thrombosis Hold ASPARLAS. Treat with appropriate antithrombotic therapy Upon resolution of symptoms consider resuming ASPARLAS, while continuing antithrombotic therapy. Severe or life-threatening thrombosis Discontinue ASPARLAS permanently. Treat with appropriate antithrombotic therapy Hepatotoxicity Total bilirubin more than 3 times to no more than 10 times the upper limit of normal Hold ASPARLAS until Total bilirubin levels go down to ≤ 1.5 times the upper limit of normal Total bilirubin more than 10 times the upper limit of normal Discontinue ASPARLAS and do not make up for missed doses *Grade 1 is mild, grade 2 is moderate, grade 3 is severe, and grade 4 is life-threatening Preparation And Administration ASPARLAS is a clear and colorless solution. Visually inspect parenteral drug products for particulate matter, cloudiness, or discoloration prior to administration. If any of these are present, discard the vial. Do not administer if ASPARLAS has been shaken or vigorously agitated, frozen, or stored at room temperature for more than 48 hours. Dilute ASPARLAS in 100 mL of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP or 5% Dextrose Injection, USP using sterile/aseptic technique. Discard any unused portion left in a vial. After dilution, administer immediately into a running infusion of either 0.9% sodium chloride or 5% dextrose, respectively. Administer the dose over a period of 1 hour. Do not infuse other drugs through the same intravenous line during administration of ASPARLAS. The diluted solution may be stored for up to 4 hours at room temperature (15°C to 25°C [59°F to 77°F]) or refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) for up to 24 hours. Protect from light. Do not shake or freeze. HOW SUPPLIED Dosage Forms And Strengths Injection 3,750 units/5 mL (750 units/mL) clear, colorless solution in a single-dose vial. Storage And Handling ASPARLAS injection is supplied as a clear, colorless, preservative-free sterile solution in single-dose vials containing 3,750 units of calaspargase pegol-mknl per 5 mL solution (NDC 72694-515-01). Store ASPARLAS refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) in the original carton to protect from light. Do not shake or freeze product. Unopened vials may be stored at room temperature (15°C to 25°C [59°F to 77°F]) for no more than 48 hours. Manufactured by: Servier Pharmaceuticals LLC Boston, MA 02210 U.S. Revised: Sep 2019 Side Effects & Drug Interactions SIDE EFFECTS The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described in greater detail in other sections of the labeling: Hypersensitivity [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Pancreatic Toxicity [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Thrombosis [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Hemorrhage [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Hepatotoxicity [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety of ASPARLAS was investigated in Study DFCI 11-001, an open-label, randomized, active-controlled multicenter clinical trial that treated 237 children and adolescents with newly-diagnosed ALL or lymphoblastic lymphoma, with ASPARLAS 2,500 U/m2 (n=118) or pegaspargase 2,500 U/m2 (n=119) as part of a Dana Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) ALL Consortium backbone therapy. The median age on enrollment was 5 years (range, 1-20) years. The majority of patients were male (62%) and white (70%). Most patients were considered standard risk (SR, 59%) and had B-cell lineage ALL (87%). The median number of doses during the study was 11 doses for ASPARLAS (administered every three weeks) and 16 doses for pegaspargase (administered every two weeks). The median duration of exposure was 8 months for both ASPARLAS and pegaspargase. There was 1 fatal adverse reaction (multi-organ failure in the setting of chronic pancreatitis associated with a pancreatic pseudocyst). Table 2 summarizes the incidence of selected Grades ≥3 adverse reactions that occurred in 2 or more patients receiving ASPARLAS. Because not all grade 1 and 2 adverse reactions were collected prospectively, only grade 3 and 4 adverse events are presented in Table 2. Table 2: Selected Grades ≥ 3 Adverse Reactions in Patients Receiving ASPARLAS With Multi- Agent Chemotherapy (Study DFCI 11-001)* Adverse Reaction† ASPARLAS 2,500 U/m2 N=118 Pegaspargase 2,500 U/m2 N=119 Grades ≥3 n (%)§ Grades ≥3 n (%)§ Elevated transaminase 61 (52) 79 (66) Bilirubin increased 24 (20) 30 (25) Pancreatitis 21 (18) 29 (24) Abnormal clotting studies 17 (14) 25 (21) Diarrhea 10 (9) 6 (5) Hypersensitivity 9 (8) 8 (7) Embolic and thrombotic events 9 (8) 10 (8) Sepsis 6 (5) 7 (6) Dyspnea 5 (4) 1 (1) Hemorrhages 5 (4) 5 (4) Fungal infection 4 (3) 3 (3) Pneumonia 4 (3) 8 (7) Arrhythmia 2 (2) 1 (1) Cardiac failure 2 (2) 1 (1) * ASPARLAS or pegaspargase were administered as a component of multi-agent chemotherapy regimens. † Grouped terms: Elevated transaminase: Alanine aminotransferase increased, Aspartate aminotransferase increased, Transaminases increased; Bilirubin increased: Bilirubin conjugated increased, Blood bilirubin increased; Pancreatitis: Amylase increased, Lipase increased, Pancreatic necrosis, Pancreatitis, Pancreatitis relapsing; Abnormal clotting studies: Activated partial thromboplastin time prolonged, Blood fibrinogen decreased; Diarrhea: Colitis, Diarrhea, Enterocolitis, Neutropenic colitis; Hypersensitivity: Anaphylactic reaction, Drug hypersensitivity, Hypersensitivity; Embolic and thrombotic events SMQ: Device related thrombosis, Disseminated intravascular coagulation, Embolism, Intracardiac thrombus, Intracranial venous sinus thrombosis, Pulmonary embolism, Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis, Thrombosis in device, Venous thrombosis, Venous thrombosis limb; Sepsis: Bacterial sepsis, Sepsis; Dyspnea: Hypoxia, Respiratory failure; Hemorrhages SMQ (excludes laboratory terms): Disseminated intravascular coagulation, Epistaxis, Hematoma, Hemorrhage intracranial, Melena, Esophageal ulcer hemorrhage, Small intestinal hemorrhage, Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage; Fungal infection: Fungal infection, Hepatic infection fungal, Respiratory tract infection fungal, Splenic infection fungal, Systemic candida; Pneumonia: Lung infection, Pneumonia, Pneumonitis; Arrhythmia: Atrioventricular block complete, Sinus tachycardia, Ventricular arrhythmia; Cardiac failure: Ejection fraction decreased, Left ventricular dysfunction. § Grading is based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v4.0. In the subgroup of patients with B-cell lineage ALL, the complete remission rate in the ASPARLAS arm was 98% (95/97), compared to 99% in the pegaspargase arm; the Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival of the treatment arms were comparable. Study AALL07P4 The safety of ASPARLAS was also evaluated in Study AALL07P4, an open-label, randomized, active-controlled, multicenter clinical trial that treated patients with newly-diagnosed high-risk B-precursor ALL using ASPARLAS 2,500 U/m2 (n=43) or 2,100 U/m2 (n=68), or pegaspargase 2,500 U/m2 (n=52), as a component of an augmented Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM) therapy regimen. The median age was 11 years (range 1 to 26 years); the median duration of exposure was 7 months for both ASPARLAS and pegaspargase. In this study, the induction mortality of patients treated with ASPARLAS was 2.8% (3 out of 111); there were no induction deaths among 52 patients treated with pegaspargase. Immunogenicity As with all therapeutic proteins, there is a potential for immunogenicity. DRUG INTERACTIONS No Information Provided Warnings & Precautions WARNINGS Included as part of the "PRECAUTIONS" Section PRECAUTIONS Hypersensitivity Grade 3 and 4 hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis have been reported in clinical trials with ASPARLAS with an incidence between 7 to 21% [see CONTRAINDICATIONS, ADVERSE REACTIONS]. Hypersensitivity reactions observed with other asparaginases include angioedema, lip swelling, eye swelling, erythema, blood pressure decreased, bronchospasm, dyspnea, pruritus and rash. Because of the risk of serious allergic reactions (e.g., life-threatening anaphylaxis), administer ASPARLAS in a clinical setting with resuscitation equipment and other agents necessary to treat anaphylaxis (e.g., epinephrine, oxygen, intravenous steroids, antihistamines) [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION] and observe patients for 1 hour after administration. Discontinue ASPARLAS in patients with serious hypersensitivity reactions. Pancreatitis Cases of pancreatitis have been reported in clinical trials with ASPARLAS with an incidence between 12 to 16% [see ADVERSE REACTIONS]. Hemorrhagic or necrotizing pancreatitis have been reported with other asparaginases. Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of pancreatitis, which, if left untreated, could be fatal. Assess serum amylase and/or lipase levels to identify early signs of pancreatic inflammation. Discontinue ASPARLAS if pancreatitis is suspected; if pancreatitis is confirmed, do not resume ASPARLAS [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION]. Thrombosis Serious thrombotic events, including sagittal sinus thrombosis, have been reported in clinical trials with ASPARLAS with an incidence of 9 to 12%. Discontinue ASPARLAS in patients experiencing serious thrombotic events [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, ADVERSE REACTIONS]. Hemorrhage Hemorrhage associated with increased prothrombin time (PT), increased partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and hypofibrinogenemia have been reported in patients receiving ASPARLAS [see ADVERSE REACTIONS]. Evaluate patients with signs and symptoms of hemorrhage with coagulation parameters including PT, PTT, fibrinogen. Consider appropriate replacement therapy in patients with severe or symptomatic coagulopathy [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION]. Hepatotoxicity Hepatotoxicity and abnormal liver function, including elevations of transaminase, bilirubin (direct and indirect), reduced serum albumin, and plasma fibrinogen can occur. Evaluate bilirubin and transaminases at least weekly, during cycles of treatment that include ASPARLAS through 6 weeks after the last dose of ASPARLAS. In the event of serious liver toxicity, discontinue treatment with ASPARLAS and provide supportive care [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, CONTRAINDICATIONS, ADVERSE REACTIONS]. Nonclinical Toxicology Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment Of Fertility Carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and impairment of fertility studies have not been conducted with calaspargase pegol-mknl. Use In Specific Populations Pregnancy Risk Summary There are no available data on ASPARLAS use in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. In animal reproduction studies, intravenous administration of calaspargase pegol-mknl to pregnant rats during organogenesis at doses 0.2 to 1 times the maximum recommended human doses did not result in adverse developmental outcomes. Published literature studies in pregnant rabbits, however, suggest asparagine depletion may cause harm to the animal offspring (see Data). Advise patients of the potential risk to a fetus. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population(s) is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively. Data Animal Data In an embryofetal development study, calaspargase pegol-mknl was administered intravenously at doses of 75, 150, and 300 U/kg (0.2, 0.6 and 1 times the maximum recommended human dose, respectively, based on AUC) to pregnant rats during the period of organogenesis. Maternal toxicity of decreased body weight and food consumption was seen at all dose levels resulting in reductions in gravid uterine and placental weights, and slight reductions in fetal body weights. No evidence of structural abnormalities or embryo-fetal mortality were observed in this study at any of the doses tested. Published literature studies in which pregnant rabbits were administered L-asparaginase suggested harm to the animal offspring. Lactation Risk Summary There are no data on the presence of calaspargase pegol-mknl in human milk, the effects on the breastfed child, or the effects on milk production. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for adverse reactions in a breastfed child, advise lactating women not to breastfeed while receiving ASPARLAS and for 3 months after the last dose. Females And Males Of Reproductive Potential Based on published literature studies in pregnant animals, ASPARLAS can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Pregnancy]. Pregnancy Testing Conduct pregnancy testing in females of reproductive potential prior to starting treatment with ASPARLAS. Contraception Advise females of reproductive potential to avoid becoming pregnant while receiving ASPARLAS. Females should use effective contraceptive methods, including a barrier method, during treatment and for at least 3 months after the last dose of ASPARLAS. Since there is a potential for an indirect interaction between ASPARLAS and oral contraceptives, the concomitant use of ASPARLAS and oral contraceptives is not recommended. Another, non-oral contraceptive method should be used in women of childbearing potential. Pediatric Use The safety and effectiveness of ASPARLAS in the treatment of ALL have been established in pediatric patients 1 month to < 17 years (no data for the age group < 1 month old). Use of ASPARLAS in these age groups is supported by evidence from an adequate and well-controlled trial with additional safety from a second trial. The trials included 208 children with ALL or lymphoblastic lymphoma treated with ASPARLAS; there were 19 infants (1 month to < 2 years old), 128 children (2 years to < 12 years old), and 61 adolescents (12 years to < 17 years old). There were no clinically meaningful differences in safety or nadir serum asparaginase activity across age groups [see ADVERSE REACTIONS, Clinical Studies]. Overdosage & Contraindications OVERDOSE No Information Provided CONTRAINDICATIONS ASPARLAS is contraindicated in patients with: History of serious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, to pegylated L-asparaginase therapy [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]; History of serious thrombosis during previous L-asparaginase therapy [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]; History of serious pancreatitis during previous L-asparaginase therapy [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]; History of serious hemorrhagic events during previous L-asparaginase therapy [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]; Severe hepatic impairment [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Clinical Pharmacology CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Mechanism Of Action L-asparaginase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of the amino acid L-asparagine into aspartic acid and ammonia. The pharmacological effect of ASPARLAS is thought to be based on selective killing of leukemic cells due to depletion of plasma L-asparagine. Leukemic cells with low expression of asparagine synthetase have a reduced ability to synthesize L-asparagine, and therefore depend on an exogenous source of L-asparagine for survival. Pharmacodynamics Calaspargase pegol-mknl pharmacodynamic (PD) response was assessed through measurement of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) asparagine concentrations via an LC-MS/MS assay. Asparagine concentrations in plasma (N=41) were maintained below the assay limit of quantification for more than 18 days following a single dose of ASPARLAS 2,500 U/m2 during the induction phase. Mean CSF asparagine concentrations decreased from a pretreatment concentration of 0.8 μg/mL (N=10) to 0.2 μg/mL on Day 4 (N=37) and remained decreased at 0.2 μg/mL (N=35) 25 days after the administration of a single dose of ASPARLAS 2,500 U/m2 in the induction phase. Pharmacokinetics Calaspargase pegol-mknl pharmacokinetics (PK) were assessed through measurement of plasma asparaginase activity via a coupled enzymatic assay. The plasma asparaginase activity pharmacokinetics were characterized in 43 patients (1 to 26 years) with newly diagnosed high risk B-precursor ALL treated with a multidrug backbone therapy. Table 3 summarizes the plasma asparaginase activity pharmacokinetic parameters after a single dose of ASPARLAS 2,500 U/m2 in the induction phase. Table 3: Plasma Asparaginase Activity Pharmacokinetic Parameters After a Single Dose of ASPARLAS 2,500 U/m2 in Patients with ALL in Study AALL07P4 Parameter Arithmetic Mean (%CV)N=43 General Cmax (U/mL) 1.62 (23.0) AUC0-25day (day•U/mL) 16.9 (23.2)* AUC0–∞ (day•U/mL)† 25.5 (30.4)* Absorption Tmax (h)† 1.17 (1.05, 5.47)‡ Distribution Vss (L) 2.96 (84.3)* Elimination t1/2 (day)§ 16.1 (51.9)* Clearance (L/day) 0.147 (76.1)* * N= 42 evaluable subjects. † Tmax generally near end of a 1 hour calaspargase pegol-mknl intravenous (IV) infusion. ‡ Median (10th, 90th percentiles). § Plasma asparaginase activity pharmacokinetics are nonlinear following ASPARLAS administration. Specific Populations The impact of renal and hepatic impairment on the PK of calaspargase pegol-mknl is unknown. Clinical Studies Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) The determination of efficacy was based on a demonstration of the achievement and maintenance of nadir serum asparaginase activity (NSAA) above the level of 0.1 U/mL using ASPARLAS 2500 U/m2 intravenously every 3 weeks. The pharmacokinetics of ASPARLAS were studied when used in combination with multiagent chemotherapy in 124 patients with B cell lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Among these patients, the median age was 11.5 years (range 1 – 26); 62 (50%) were male, 102 (82%) white, 6 (5%) Asian, 5 (4%) Black or African American, 2 (2%) Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander and 9 (7%) other or unknown. The results showed that 123 (99%, 95% CI: 96% -100%) of the 124 patients maintained NSAA > 0.1 U/mL at weeks 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30. Medication Guide PATIENT INFORMATION Advise Patients/Caregivers of the following risks of ASPARLAS: Hypersensitivity Inform patients on the possibility of serious allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. Instruct the patient on the symptoms of allergic reactions and to seek medical advice immediately if they experience such symptoms [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Pancreatitis Instruct patients on the signs and symptoms of pancreatitis and to seek immediate medical attention if they experience severe abdominal pain [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Instruct patients on the risk of hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance. Advise patients to seek medical advice if they experience excessive thirst or any increase in the volume or frequency of urination [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION]. Thombosis Instruct patients on the risk of thrombosis and to seek medical advice immediately if they experience severe headache, arm or leg swelling, shortness of breath, or chest pain [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Hemorrhage Advise patients to report any unusual bleeding or bruising to their physician [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Hepatotoxicity Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for jaundice, severe nausea or vomiting, or easy bruising or bleeding [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Pregnancy And Lactation Advise female patients of reproductive potential to use effective contraceptive methods while receiving ASPARLAS and for at least 3 months after the last dose. Advise patients to notify their healthcare provider immediately in the event of a pregnancy or if pregnancy is suspected during ASPARLAS treatment. Since there is a potential for an indirect interaction between ASPARLAS and oral contraceptives, the concomitant use of ASPARLAS and oral contraceptives is not recommended [see Use In Specific Populations]. Advise lactating women not to breastfeed during treatment with ASPARLAS and for at least 3 months after the last dose [see Use In Specific Populations].
