Gazyva

What Is Gazyva?

Gazyva (obinutuzumab) Injection is a monoclonal antibody used in combination with chlorambucil to treat patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).

What Are Side Effects of Gazyva?

Common side effects of Gazyva include:

• infusion reactions,
• nausea,
• vomiting,
• diarrhea,
• high blood pressure (hypertension),
• flushing,
• headache,
• fever,
• chills,
• cough,
• low white blood cell counts,
• low platelet counts, and
• low red blood cell counts

DESCRIPTION

GAZYVA (obinutuzumab) is a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody of the IgG1 subclass. It recognizes a specific epitope of the CD20 molecule found on B cells. The molecular mass of the antibody is approximately 150 kDa.

GAZYVA is produced by mammalian cell (CHO) suspension culture. GAZYVA was engineered for reduced fucose content as compared to a typical IgG1 produced in CHO cells. GAZYVA is a sterile, clear, colorless to slightly brown, preservative-free liquid concentrate for intravenous administration. GAZYVA is supplied at a concentration of 25 mg/mL in 1000 mg single-dose vials. The product is formulated in 20 mM L-histidine/L-histidine hydrochloride, 240 mM trehalose, 0.02% poloxamer 188. The pH is 6.0.

SIDE EFFECTS

The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling:

• Hepatitis B virus reactivation [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• Infusion-related reactions [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• Hypersensitivity reactions including serum sickness [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• Tumor lysis syndrome [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• Infections [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• Neutropenia [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
• Thrombocytopenia [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]

Clinical Trial Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

The data below are based on a safety population of 773 previously untreated patients with CLL in the CLL11 study. Patients were treated with chlorambucil alone, GAZYVA in combination with chlorambucil, or rituximab product in combination with chlorambucil. The Stage 1 analysis compared GAZYVA in combination with chlorambucil vs. chlorambucil alone and Stage 2 compared GAZYVA in combination with chlorambucil vs. rituximab product in combination with chlorambucil. Adverse reactions rates and laboratory abnormalities from the Stage 2 phase are presented below and are consistent with the rates in Stage 1. In addition to the adverse reactions observed in Stage 2, in Stage 1, back pain (5% vs. 2%), anemia (12% vs. 10%) and cough (10% vs. 7%) were observed at a higher incidence in the obinutuzumab treated patients. The incidence of Grade 3 to 4 back pain (< 1% vs. 0%), cough (0% vs. < 1%) and anemia (5% vs. 4%) was similar in both treatment arms. With regard to laboratory abnormalities, in Stage 1 hyperkalemia (33% vs. 18%), creatinine increased (30% vs. 20%) and alkaline phosphatase increased (18% vs. 11%) were observed at a higher incidence in patients treated with obinutuzumab with similar incidences of Grade 3 to 4 abnormalities between the two arms.

Patients received three 1,000 mg doses of GAZYVA on the first cycle and a single dose of 1,000 mg once every 28 days for 5 additional cycles in combination with chlorambucil (6 cycles of 28 days each in total). In the last 140 patients enrolled, the first dose of GAZYVA was split between day 1 (100 mg) and day 2 (900 mg) [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION]. In total, 81% of patients received all 6 cycles (of 28 days each) of GAZYVA-based therapy.

Adverse reactions in ≥ 10% of patients in the GAZYVA containing arm were infusion-related reactions, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and diarrhea. The most common Grade 3 to 4 adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 10%) in the GAZYVA containing arm were neutropenia, infusion-related reactions, and thrombocytopenia.

Table 4 :Adverse Reactions (Incidence ≥ 5% and ≥ 2% Greater in the GAZYVA Arm) in Patients with CLL (Stage 2)

Table 5 : Post-Baseline Laboratory Abnormalities (Incidence ≥ 10% and ≥ 2% Greater in the GAZYVA Arm) in Patients with CLL (Stage 2)

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

GADOLIN

The GADOLIN study evaluated safety in 407 patients with relapsed or refractory NHL, including FL (81%), small lymphocytic lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma (a disease for which GAZYVA is not indicated), who did not respond to or progressed within 6 months of treatment with rituximab product or a rituximab product-containing regimen. In the population of patients with FL, the profile of adverse reactions was consistent with the overall NHL population. Patients received either GAZYVA in combination with bendamustine (204 patients), followed by GAZYVA monotherapy in patients that had not progressed, or bendamustine alone (203 patients).

Patients randomized to the GAZYVA + bendamustine arm received three weekly 1,000 mg doses of GAZYVA in the first cycle and a single dose of 1,000 mg once every 28 days for 5 additional cycles, in combination with bendamustine 90 mg/m² intravenously on Days 1 and 2 in all 6 cycles. Patients who did not progress on the combination received a single 1,000 mg dose of GAZYVA monotherapy every two months until progression or for a maximum of two years. The control arm received bendamustine 120 mg/m² on Days 1 and 2 of each cycle for 6 cycles, with a cycle length of 28 days. In the GAZYVA arm, 78% of patients received 6 cycles of bendamustine and 82% received their full 6 cycles of GAZYVA; 72 (46%) of the 158 patients who began GAZYVA monotherapy received all planned doses. In the control arm, 72% of patients received 6 cycles of bendamustine.

Serious adverse reactions occurred in 45% of the GAZYVA arm and 37% of the bendamustine-only arm. Fatal adverse reactions within 90 days of treatment occurred in 3.4% and 2.5%, respectively. During treatment and follow-up combined, fatal adverse reactions occurred in 10% of GAZYVA recipients and in 7.4% of recipients of bendamustine alone, with infection and second primary malignancies being the leading causes.

Dose modification due to adverse reactions occurred in 50% of the GAZYVA arm and 42% of the control arm, and discontinuation of any study drug due to adverse reactions occurred in 20% and 17%, respectively.

Table 6 presents selected adverse reactions in GADOLIN. The most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 20%) in GAZYVA recipients included infusion-related reactions, fatigue, neutropenia, cough, upper respiratory tract infections, and musculoskeletal pain.

Table 6 : Adverse Reactions (Incidence ≥ 10% and ≥ 2% Greater in the GAZYVA Arm) in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory NHL (GADOLIN)

Infusion-related reactions are defined as any related adverse reaction that occurred during or within 24 hours of infusion.

Fatigue includes fatigue, lethargy, asthenia.

Pyrexia includes pyrexia, hyperthermia, body temperature increased.

Cough includes cough, productive cough, upper-airway cough syndrome.

Neutropenia includes neutropenia, agranulocytosis, granulocytopenia, neutrophil count decreased.

Upper respiratory tract infection includes upper respiratory tract congestion, upper respiratory tract inflammation, upper respiratory fungal infection, rhinovirus infection, and all terms containing: upper respiratory tract infection, laryngitis, nasopharyngitis, pharyngitis, rhinitis, tonsillitis, and sinusitis with the exception of sinobronchitis.

Respiratory tract infection unspecified includes respiratory tract infection, respiratory tract infection viral, influenza, influenza-like illness, sinobronchitis, respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Urinary tract infection includes all terms containing: urinary tract infection, cystitis, pyelonephritis.

Musculoskeletal pain includes non-cardiac chest pain, bone pain, spinal pain, myalgia, back pain, neck pain, musculoskeletal discomfort, pain in extremity, and all terms containing “musculoskeletal pain”.

Rash includes drug eruption, skin reaction, all terms containing “rash”, urticaria, and selected terms containing “dermatitis”.

Pruritus includes pruritus, pruritus generalized.

Other clinically relevant adverse reactions (incidence < 10% and ≥ 2% greater in the GAZYVA arm) included:

Blood and lymphatic system disorders: febrile neutropenia (6%)

• Infection: sepsis (7%)

During GAZYVA monotherapy (158 patients), adverse reactions in ≥ 10% of patients included upper and lower respiratory tract infections, cough, neutropenia, musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, diarrhea, rash, and urinary tract infection.

Table 7 presents selected new or worsening laboratory abnormalities in the GADOLIN trial.

Table 7 : New or Worsening Laboratory Abnormalities (Incidence ≥ 10% and ≥ 2% Greater in the GAZYVA Arm^a) in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory NHL (GADOLIN)

In the GAZYVA monotherapy phase, new or worsening grade 3 or 4 abnormalities included neutropenia in 25% of patients (Grade 4, 10%) and lymphopenia in 23% (Grade 4, 5%).

GALLIUM

A randomized, open-label multicenter trial (GALLIUM) evaluated the safety of GAZYVA as compared to rituximab product in 1385 patients with previously untreated follicular lymphoma (86%) or marginal zone lymphoma (14%). Patients received chemotherapy (bendamustine, CHOP, or CVP) combined with either GAZYVA (691 patients) or rituximab product (694 patients), followed in responding patients by GAZYVA or rituximab product monotherapy every two months until disease progression or for a maximum of two years. The study excluded patients having an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < 1500 / μL, platelets < 75,000 / μL, CLcr < 40 mL/min and, unless attributable to lymphoma, hepatic transaminases > 2.5 x upper limit of normal.

The median age was 60 (range: 23-88), 47% were male, 82% were white, and 97% had an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1. The chemotherapy was bendamustine in 59%, CHOP in 31% and CVP in 10% of patients. Following combination therapy, 624 patients (90%) in the GAZYVA arm and 612 patients (88%) in the rituximab product arm received monotherapy.

Serious adverse reactions occurred in 50% of patients on the GAZYVA arm and 43% of patients on the rituximab product arm. Fatal adverse reactions were reported during treatment in 3% in the GAZYVA arm and 2% in the rituximab product arm, most often from infections in the GAZYVA arm. During treatment and follow-up combined, fatal adverse reactions were reported in 5% of the GAZYVA arm and 4% of the rituximab product arm, with infections and second malignancies being leading causes. In the GAZYVA arm, fatal infections occurred in 2% of patients compared to < 1% in the rituximab product arm.

During combination therapy, 93% of patients received all treatment cycles in the GAZYVA arm, and 92% received all treatment cycles in the rituximab product arm. Of the responding patients who began monotherapy with GAZYVA or rituximab product, 76% and 73%, respectively, completed the full course. Dose modification due to adverse reactions occurred in 74% of the GAZYVA arm and 63% of the rituximab product arm throughout study treatment, and discontinuation of any study drug due to adverse reactions occurred in 18% and 15%, respectively.

Throughout treatment and follow-up, the most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 20%) observed at least 2% more in the GAZYVA arm included infusion-related reactions, neutropenia, upper respiratory tract infections, constipation and diarrhea (Table 8). Neutropenia, infusion-related reactions, febrile neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were the most common Grade 3 to 5 adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 5%) observed more frequently in the GAZYVA arm.

Table 8 : Adverse Reactions (Incidence ≥ 10% and ≥ 2% Greater in the GAZYVA Arm) in Patients with Previously Untreated NHL (GALLIUM)

Infusion-related reactions are defined as any related adverse reaction that occurred during or within 24 hours of infusion.

Neutropenia includes neutropenia, agranulocytosis, granulocytopenia, and neutrophil count decreased.

Febrile neutropenia includes febrile neutropenia, neutropenic infection, neutropenic sepsis, and febrile bone marrow aplasia.

Thrombocytopenia includes thrombocytopenia and platelet count decreased.

Upper respiratory tract infection includes upper respiratory tract congestion, upper respiratory tract inflammation, upper respiratory tract infection, rhinovirus infection, and all terms containing: laryngitis, nasopharyngitis, pharyngitis, rhinitis, tonsillitis, and sinusitis with the exception of sinobronchitis.

Herpesvirus infection includes all terms containing “herpes” or “varicella.”

Pneumonia includes all terms containing “pneumonia,” bacterial, pneumonia haemophilus, pneumonia pneumococcal, pneumonia fungal, pneumocystis jirovecii infection, lung infection, and lung infiltration.

Diarrhea includes diarrhea, defecation urgency, frequent bowel movement, and all terms containing “gastroenteritis”.

Headache includes all terms containing “headache” and migraine.

Insomnia includes all terms containing “insomnia” and sleep disorder.

Pruritus includes pruritus and pruritus generalized.

During the monotherapy period, the common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 10%) observed at least 2% more with GAZYVA were upper respiratory tract infection (40%), cough (23%), musculoskeletal pain (20%), neutropenia (19%), and herpesvirus infection (13%).

Table 9 summarizes treatment-emergent laboratory abnormalities during treatment and follow-up. The Grade 3 to 4 abnormalities reported at least 2% more in the GAZYVA arm were lymphopenia, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and hyperuricemia. Patients in the GAZYVA arm, as compared to the rituximab product arm, had higher incidences of Grade 4 neutropenia (38% vs. 30%, respectively), Grade 4 lymphopenia (33% vs. 22%), and Grade 4 leukopenia (17% vs. 12%).

Table 9 : New or Worsening Laboratory Abnormalities (Incidence ≥ 10% and ≥ 2% Greater in the GAZYVA Arm) in Patients with Previously Untreated NHL (GALLIUM)

In the monotherapy phase, new-onset Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia was reported in 21% of patients in the GAZYVA arm (Grade 4, 10%) and 17% of patients in the rituximab product arm (Grade 4, 9%).

Infusion-Related Reactions

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

The incidence of infusion-related reactions (IRRs) in the CLL11 study was 65% with the first infusion of GAZYVA. The incidence of Grade 3 or 4 IRRs was 20% with 7% of patients discontinuing therapy. The incidence of reactions with subsequent infusions was 3% with the second 1,000 mg and < 1% thereafter. No Grade 3 or 4 IRRs were reported beyond the first 1,000 mg infused.

Of the first 53 patients receiving GAZYVA in CLL11, 47 (89%) experienced an IRR. After this experience, study protocol modifications were made to require pre-medication with a corticosteroid, antihistamine, and acetaminophen. The first dose was also divided into two infusions (100 mg on day 1 and 900 mg on day 2). For the 140 patients for whom these mitigation measures were implemented, 74 patients (53%) experienced a reaction with the first 1,000 mg (64 patients on day 1, 3 patients on day 2, and 7 patients on both days) and < 3% thereafter [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Overall, 67% of patients in the GADOLIN study experienced an IRR (all grades) during treatment with GAZYVA in combination with bendamustine. The incidence of Grade 3 to 4 IRRs in GADOLIN was 11%. In Cycle 1, the incidence of IRRs (all grades) was 53% in patients receiving GAZYVA in combination with bendamustine of which 34 (9%) were Grade 3 to 4 in severity. In patients receiving GAZYVA in combination with bendamustine, the incidence of IRRs was highest on Day 1 (37%), and gradually decreased on Days 2, 8 and 15 (23%, 6% and 4%, respectively).

During Cycle 2, the incidence of IRRs was 24% in patients receiving GAZYVA in combination with bendamustine and decreased with subsequent cycles.

During GAZYVA monotherapy in GADOLIN, IRRs (all grades) were observed in 8% of patients. One Grade 3 and no Grade 4 IRRs were reported during GAZYVA monotherapy.

Overall, 2% of patients in GADOLIN experienced an IRR leading to discontinuation of GAZYVA.

In GALLIUM, 72% of patients in the GAZYVA treated arm experienced an IRR (all grades). The incidence of Grade 3 to 4 IRRs for these patients was 12%. In Cycle 1, the incidence of IRRs (all grades) was 62% in the GAZYVA treated arm with Grade 3 to 4 IRRs reported in 10%. The incidence of IRRs (all grades) was highest on Day 1 (60%) and decreased on Days 8 and 15 (9% and 6%, respectively).

During Cycle 2, the incidence of IRRs (all grades) in the GAZYVA treated arm was 13% and decreased with subsequent cycles.

During GAZYVA monotherapy treatment in GALLIUM, IRRs (all grades) were observed in 9% of patients.

Overall, 1% of patients in GALLIUM experienced an IRR leading to discontinuation of GAZYVA.

Neutropenia

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

The incidence of neutropenia reported as an adverse reaction in CLL11 was 38% in the GAZYVA treated arm and 32% in the rituximab product treated arm, with the incidence of serious adverse reactions being 1% and < 1%, respectively (Table 4). Cases of late-onset neutropenia (occurring 28 days after completion of treatment or later) were 16% in the GAZYVA treated arm and 12% in the rituximab product treated arm.

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

The incidence of neutropenia in GADOLIN was higher in the GAZYVA plus bendamustine arm (37%) compared to the arm treated with bendamustine alone (30%). Cases of prolonged neutropenia (3%) and late onset neutropenia (8%) were also reported in the GAZYVA plus bendamustine arm. The incidence of neutropenia was higher during treatment with GAZYVA in combination with bendamustine (30%) compared to the GAZYVA monotherapy treatment phase (13%).

The incidence of neutropenia in GALLIUM was higher in the GAZYVA treated arm (53%) compared to the rituximab product treated arm (47%). Cases of prolonged neutropenia (1%) and late onset neutropenia (4%) were also reported in the GAZYVA treated arm. The incidence of neutropenia was higher during treatment with GAZYVA in combination with chemotherapy (45%) compared to the GAZYVA monotherapy treatment phase (20%).

Infection

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

The incidence of infections was similar between GAZYVA and rituximab product treated arms. Thirty-eight percent of patients in the GAZYVA treated arm and 37% in the rituximab product treated arm experienced an infection, with Grade 3 to 4 rates being 11% and 13%, respectively. Fatal events were reported in 1% of patients in both arms.

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

The incidence of infection in GADOLIN was 68% in the GAZYVA plus bendamustine arm and 59% in the bendamustine arm, with Grade 3 to 4 events reported in 20% and 16%, respectively. Fatal events were reported in 3% of patients in the GAZYVA plus bendamustine arm and 3% in the bendamustine arm.

The incidence of infections in GALLIUM was 82% in the GAZYVA treated arm and 73% in the rituximab product treated arm, with Grade 3 to 4 events reported in 21% and 17%, respectively. In the GAZYVA arm, fatal infections occurred in 2% of patients compared to <1% in the rituximab product arm.

The incidence of Grade 3 to 4 infections in the GAZYVA and rituximab product treated arms was lower in patients receiving GCSF prophylaxis (14%; 16%) compared with patients not receiving GCSF prophylaxis (24%; 18%). The incidence of fatal infections in patients receiving GCSF prophylaxis in the GAZYVA and rituximab product treated arms was 2% and 0%, respectively, and was 2% and < 1% in patients not receiving GCSF prophylaxis.

Thrombocytopenia

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

The overall incidence of thrombocytopenia reported as an adverse reaction was higher in the GAZYVA treated arm (14%) compared to the rituximab product treated arm (7%), with the incidence of Grade 3 to 4 events being 10% and 3%, respectively (Table 4). The difference in incidences between the treatment arms is driven by events occurring during the first cycle. The incidence of thrombocytopenia (all grades) in the first cycle was 11% in the GAZYVA and 3% in the rituximab product treated arms, with Grade 3 to 4 rates being 8% and 2%, respectively. Four percent of patients in the GAZYVA treated arm experienced acute thrombocytopenia (occurring within 24 hours after the GAZYVA infusion).

The overall incidence of hemorrhagic events and the number of fatal hemorrhagic events were similar between the treatment arms, with 3 in the rituximab product and 4 in the GAZYVA treated arms. However, all fatal hemorrhagic events in patients treated with GAZYVA occurred in Cycle 1.

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

The incidence of thrombocytopenia in GADOLIN was lower in the GAZYVA plus bendamustine arm (15%) compared to the arm treated with bendamustine alone (25%). The incidence of hemorrhagic events in GAZYVA plus bendamustine treated patients compared to bendamustine alone was 12% and 11%, respectively. Grade 3 to 4 hemorrhagic events were similar in both treatment arms (4% in the GAZYVA plus bendamustine arm and 2% in the bendamustine arm).

In GALLIUM, thrombocytopenia was reported as an adverse reaction in 14% of the GAZYVA treated arm and 8% of the rituximab product treated arm, with the incidence of Grade 3 to 4 events being 7% and 3%, respectively. The difference in incidences between the treatment arms is driven by events occurring during the first cycle. The incidence of thrombocytopenia (all grades) in the first cycle was 9% in the GAZYVA and 3% in the rituximab product treated arms, with Grade 3 to 4 rates being 5% and 1%, respectively. In GALLIUM, both treatment arms had a 12% overall incidence of hemorrhagic events and a < 1% incidence of fatal hemorrhagic events.

Tumor Lysis Syndrome

The incidence of Grade 3 or 4 tumor lysis syndrome in GAZYVA treated patients was 2% in CLL11, 0.5% in GADOLIN and 0.9% in GALLIUM.

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Adverse reactions related to musculoskeletal disorders (all events from the body system), including pain, have been reported in the GAZYVA treated arm with higher incidence than in the rituximab product treated arm (18% vs. 15%).

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

In GADOLIN, adverse reactions related to musculoskeletal disorders (all events from the body system), including pain, have been reported in the GAZYVA plus bendamustine treated arm with higher incidence than in the bendamustine alone arm (44% vs. 30%).

In GALLIUM, musculoskeletal disorders were reported in 54% of patients in the GAZYVA treated arm and 49% of patients in the rituximab product treated arm.

Liver Enzyme Elevations

Hepatic enzyme elevations have occurred in CLL patients who received GAZYVA in clinical trials and had normal baseline hepatic enzyme levels (AST, ALT and ALP). The events occurred most frequently within 24-48 hours of the first infusion. In some patients, elevations in liver enzymes were observed concurrently with infusion-related reactions or tumor lysis syndrome. In the CLL11 study, there was no clinically meaningful difference in overall hepatotoxicity adverse reactions between all arms (4% of patients in the GAZYVA treated arm). Medications commonly used to prevent infusion-related reactions (e.g., acetaminophen) may also be implicated in these events. Monitor liver function tests during treatment, especially during the first cycle. Consider treatment interruption or discontinuation for hepatotoxicity.

Gastrointestinal Perforation

Cases of gastrointestinal perforation have been reported in patients receiving GAZYVA, mainly in NHL.

Worsening Of Pre-existing Cardiac Conditions

Fatal cardiac events have been reported in patients treated with GAZYVA.

Immunogenicity

As with all therapeutic proteins, there is potential for immunogenicity. The detection of antibody formation is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Additionally, the observed incidence of antibody (including neutralizing antibody) positivity in an assay may be influenced by several factors including assay methodology, sample handling, timing of sample collection, concomitant medications, and underlying disease. For these reasons, comparison of the incidence of antibodies in the studies described below with the incidence of antibodies in other studies or to other products may be misleading.

Seven percent (18/271) of patients with CLL tested positive for anti-GAZYVA antibodies at one or more time points in CLL11. No patients developed anti-GAZYVA antibodies during or following GAZYVA treatment in GADOLIN, while 1 patient (1/564, 0.2%) developed anti-GAZYVA antibodies in GALLIUM. Neutralizing activity of anti-GAZYVA antibodies has not been assessed.

Postmarketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of GAZYVA. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

• Immune/Autoimmune Events: Serum sickness

DRUG INTERACTIONS

No Information provided

WARNINGS

Included as part of the PRECAUTIONS section.

PRECAUTIONS

Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation, in some cases resulting in fulminant hepatitis, hepatic failure, and death, can occur in patients treated with anti-CD20 antibodies such as GAZYVA. HBV reactivation has been reported in patients who are hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive and also in patients who are HBsAg negative but are hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) positive. Reactivation has also occurred in patients who appear to have resolved hepatitis B infection (i.e., HBsAg negative, anti-HBc positive, and hepatitis B surface antibody [anti-HBs] positive).

HBV reactivation is defined as an abrupt increase in HBV replication manifesting as a rapid increase in serum HBV DNA level or detection of HBsAg in a person who was previously HBsAg negative and anti-HBc positive. Reactivation of HBV replication is often followed by hepatitis, i.e., increase in transaminase levels and, in severe cases, increase in bilirubin levels, liver failure, and death.

Screen all patients for HBV infection by measuring HBsAg and anti-HBc before initiating treatment with GAZYVA. For patients who show evidence of hepatitis B infection (HBsAg positive [regardless of antibody status] or HBsAg negative but anti-HBc positive), consult healthcare providers with expertise in managing hepatitis B regarding monitoring and consideration for HBV antiviral therapy.

Monitor patients with evidence of current or prior HBV infection for clinical and laboratory signs of hepatitis or HBV reactivation during and for several months following treatment with GAZYVA. HBV reactivation has been reported for other CD20-directed cytolytic antibodies following completion of therapy.

In patients who develop reactivation of HBV while receiving GAZYVA, immediately discontinue GAZYVA and any concomitant chemotherapy and institute appropriate treatment. Resumption of GAZYVA in patients whose HBV reactivation resolves should be discussed with healthcare providers with expertise in managing hepatitis B. Insufficient data exist regarding the safety of resuming GAZYVA in patients who develop HBV reactivation.

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

John Cunningham (JC) virus infection resulting in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), which can be fatal, occurred in patients treated with GAZYVA. Consider the diagnosis of PML in any patient presenting with new onset or changes to preexisting neurologic manifestations. Evaluation of PML includes, but is not limited to, consultation with a neurologist, brain MRI, and lumbar puncture. Discontinue GAZYVA therapy and consider discontinuation or reduction of any concomitant chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy in patients who develop PML.

Infusion-Related Reactions

GAZYVA can cause severe and life-threatening infusion-related reactions (IRRs). Sixty-five percent of patients with CLL experienced a reaction to the first 1,000 mg of GAZYVA infused. Thirty-seven percent of patients with relapsed or refractory NHL and 60% of patients with previously untreated NHL experienced a reaction on Day 1 of GAZYVA infusion. IRRs have occurred within 24 hours of receiving GAZYVA. IRRs can also occur with subsequent infusions. Symptoms may include hypotension, tachycardia, dyspnea, and respiratory symptoms (e.g., bronchospasm, larynx and throat irritation, wheezing, laryngeal edema). The most frequently reported symptoms include nausea, fatigue, chest discomfort, dyspnea, dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, hypertension, hypotension, flushing, headache, pyrexia, and chills [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].

Premedicate patients with acetaminophen, antihistamine, and a glucocorticoid [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION]. Closely monitor patients during the entire infusion. Reduce infusion rate, interrupt infusion or permanently discontinue GAZYVA for IRRs based on severity [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION]. Institute medical management (e.g., glucocorticoids, epinephrine, bronchodilators, and/or oxygen) for IRRs as needed.

For patients with preexisting cardiac or pulmonary conditions, monitor more frequently throughout the infusion and the post-infusion period since they may be at greater risk of experiencing more severe reactions. Hypotension may occur as part of the GAZYVA infusion-related reaction. Consider withholding antihypertensive treatments for 12 hours prior to, during each GAZYVA infusion, and for the first hour after administration until blood pressure is stable. For patients at increased risk of hypertensive crisis, consider the benefits versus the risks of withholding their antihypertensive medication as is suggested here.

Hypersensitivity Reactions Including Serum Sickness

Hypersensitivity reactions have been reported in patients treated with GAZYVA. Signs of immediate-onset hypersensitivity included dyspnea, bronchospasm, hypotension, urticaria and tachycardia. Late-onset hypersensitivity diagnosed as serum sickness has also been reported, with symptoms that include chest pain, diffuse arthralgia and fever. Hypersensitivity reactions may be difficult to clinically distinguish from infusion-related reactions. However, hypersensitivity very rarely occurs with the first infusion and, when observed, often occurs after previous exposure.

If a hypersensitivity reaction is suspected during or after an infusion, stop the infusion and permanently discontinue treatment. GAZYVA is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity reactions to GAZYVA, including serum sickness with prior obinutuzumab use [see CONTRAINDICATIONS].

Tumor Lysis Syndrome

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), including fatal cases, has been reported in patients receiving GAZYVA. Patients with high tumor burden, high circulating lymphocyte count (> 25 x 10⁹/L) or renal impairment are at greater risk for TLS.

Administer appropriate tumor lysis prophylaxis with anti-hyperuricemics (e.g., allopurinol or rasburicase) and hydration prior to the infusion of GAZYVA for patients at risk for TLS [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION]. During the initial days of GAZYVA treatment, monitor the laboratory parameters of patients considered at risk for TLS. For treatment of TLS, correct electrolyte abnormalities, monitor renal function and fluid balance, and administer supportive care, including dialysis as indicated.

Infections

Fatal and serious bacterial, fungal, and new or reactivated viral infections can occur during and following GAZYVA therapy. When GAZYVA is administered with chemotherapy followed by GAZYVA monotherapy as in the GALLIUM study, Grade 3 to 5 infections have been reported in up to 8% of patients during combination therapy, up to 13% of patients during monotherapy, and up to 8% of patients after treatment [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].

In GALLIUM, more Grade 3 to 5 infections were reported in the recipients of GAZYVA and bendamustine (117/410 patients, 29%) as compared to GAZYVA plus CHOP or CVP (43/281 patients, 15%). More fatal infections were reported in patients treated with GAZYVA and bendamustine (3%), as compared to GAZYVA plus CHOP or CVP (< 1%), including during the monotherapy phase and after completion of treatment.

Do not administer GAZYVA to patients with an active infection. Patients with a history of recurring or chronic infections may be at increased risk of infection.

Neutropenia

Severe and life-threatening neutropenia, including febrile neutropenia, has been reported during treatment with GAZYVA. Monitor patients with Grade 3 to 4 neutropenia frequently with regular laboratory tests until resolution. Anticipate, evaluate, and treat any symptoms or signs of developing infection. Consider dose delays for Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia. Consider administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (GCSF) in patients with Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia.

Neutropenia can also be of late onset (occurring more than 28 days after completion of treatment) and/or prolonged (lasting longer than 28 days). Patients with severe and long lasting (> 1 week) neutropenia are strongly recommended to receive antimicrobial prophylaxis until resolution of neutropenia to Grade 1 or 2. Consider antiviral and antifungal prophylaxis.

Thrombocytopenia

Severe and life-threatening thrombocytopenia has been reported during treatment with GAZYVA in combination with chemotherapy. Fatal hemorrhagic events have been reported in patients with NHL and CLL treated with GAZYVA in combination with chemotherapy, including during Cycle 1.

Monitor all patients frequently for thrombocytopenia and hemorrhagic events, especially during the first cycle. In patients with Grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia, monitor platelet counts more frequently until resolution and consider dose delays of GAZYVA and chemotherapy or dose reductions of chemotherapy. Transfusion of blood products (i.e., platelet transfusion) may be necessary. Consider withholding concomitant medications, which may increase bleeding risk (platelet inhibitors, anticoagulants), especially during the first cycle.

Immunization

The safety and efficacy of immunization with live or attenuated viral vaccines during or following GAZYVA therapy have not been studied. Immunization with live virus vaccines is not recommended during treatment and until B-cell recovery.

Embryo-Fetal Toxicity

Based on its mechanism of action and findings in animals, GAZYVA can cause B-cell depletion in infants exposed to obinutuzumab in-utero. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception while receiving GAZYVA and for 6 months after the last dose [see Use In Specific Populations].

Nonclinical Toxicology

Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment Of Fertility

No carcinogenicity or genotoxicity studies have been conducted with obinutuzumab.

No specific studies have been conducted to evaluate potential effects on fertility; however, no adverse effects on male or female reproductive organs were observed in the 26-week repeat-dose toxicity study in cynomolgus monkeys.

Use In Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Risk Summary

Based on findings from animal studies and its mechanism of action, GAZYVA can cause fetal B-cell depletion [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY]. There are no data with GAZYVA use in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk. Monoclonal antibodies are transferred across the placenta. In animal reproduction studies, weekly intravenous administration of obinutuzumab to pregnant cynomolgus monkeys from day 20 of pregnancy until parturition which includes the period of organogenesis at doses with exposures up to 2.4 times the exposure at the clinical dose of 1,000 mg monthly produced opportunistic infections and immune complex mediated hypersensitivity reactions. No embryo-toxic or teratogenic effects were observed in the monkeys (see Data). Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to the fetus.

The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown; however, the estimated background risk in the U.S. general population of major birth defects is 2% to 4% and of miscarriage is 15% to 20% of clinically recognized pregnancies.

Clinical Considerations

Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions

GAZYVA is likely to cause fetal B-cell depletion (see Data). Avoid administering live vaccines to neonates and infants exposed to GAZYVA in utero until B-cell recovery occurs [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].

Data

Animal Data

In a pre- and post-natal development study, pregnant cynomolgus monkeys received weekly intravenous doses of 25 or 50 mg/kg obinutuzumab from day 20 of pregnancy until parturition, which includes the period of organogenesis. The high dose results in an exposure (AUC) that is 2.4 times the exposure in patients with CLL at the recommended label dose. There were no embryo-toxic or teratogenic effects in animals. Secondary opportunistic infections, immune complex mediated hypersensitivity reactions, or a combination of both were observed in exposed dams. When first measured on day 28 postpartum, obinutuzumab was detected in offspring at levels in the range of maternal serum levels on the same day, and B-cells were completely depleted. The B-cell counts returned to normal levels, and immunologic function was restored within 6 months after birth.

Obinutuzumab was measured in the milk of lactating cynomolgus monkeys on day 28 postpartum after weekly intravenous administration from day 20 of pregnancy until parturition. Concentrations in milk were approximately 0.04% and 0.13% of concentrations in maternal serum in the 25 and 50 mg/kg groups, respectively.

Lactation

Risk Summary

There is no information regarding the presence of GAZYVA in human milk, the effects on the breastfed child, or the effects on milk production. However, low levels of obinutuzumab were present in the milk of lactating cynomolgus monkeys [see Use In Specific Populations]. Human IgG is known to be present in human milk. Because of the potential of serious adverse reactions in the breastfed child, advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with GAZYVA and for 6 months after the last dose.

Females And Males Of Reproductive Potential

Contraception

GAZYVA can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Use In Specific Populations].

Females

Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with GAZYVA and for 6 months after the last dose.

Pediatric Use

The safety and effectiveness of GAZYVA in pediatric patients have not been established.

Geriatric Use

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Of 336 patients with previously untreated CLL who received GAZYVA in combination with chlorambucil, 81% were 65 years and older, while 46% were 75 and older. Of the patients 75 years and older, 46% experienced serious adverse reactions and 7% experienced adverse reactions leading to death. Of the patients younger than 75, 33% experienced a serious adverse reaction and 2% an adverse reaction leading to death. No significant differences in efficacy were observed between younger and older patients [see Clinical Studies].

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Of 204 patients in GADOLIN with relapsed or refractory NHL treated with GAZYVA plus bendamustine, 44% were 65 and over, while 14% were 75 and over. In patients 65 and over, 55% of patients experienced serious adverse reactions and 28% experienced adverse reactions leading to treatment withdrawal while in patients under 65, 37% and 14% experienced serious adverse reactions and adverse reactions leading to treatment withdrawal, respectively. No clinically meaningful differences in efficacy were observed between these patients and younger patients in GADOLIN.

Of the 691 patients in GALLIUM treated with GAZYVA plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy, 33% were 65 and over, while 7% were 75 and over. Of patients 65 and over, 63% experienced serious adverse reactions and 26% experienced adverse reactions leading to treatment withdrawal, while in patients under 65, 43% experienced serious adverse reactions and 13% had an adverse reaction leading to treatment withdrawal. No clinically meaningful differences in efficacy were observed between these patients and younger patients in GALLIUM.

OVERDOSE

There has been no experience with overdose in human clinical trials. For patients who experience overdose, treatment should consist of immediate interruption or reduction of GAZYVA and supportive therapy.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

GAZYVA is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis) to obinutuzumab or to any of the excipients, or serum sickness with prior obinutuzumab use [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Mechanism Of Action

Obinutuzumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the CD20 antigen expressed on the surface of pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. Upon binding to CD20, obinutuzumab mediates B-cell lysis through (1) engagement of immune effector cells, (2) by directly activating intracellular death signaling pathways (direct cell death), and/or (3) activation of the complement cascade. The immune effector cell mechanisms include antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis.

As an antibody with reduced fucose content, obinutuzumab induces greater ADCC activity than rituximab in vitro using human cancer cell lines. Obinutuzumab also demonstrated an increased ability to induce direct cell death when compared to rituximab. Obinutuzumab binds to FcγRIII using purified proteins with a higher affinity than rituximab. Obinutuzumab and rituximab bind with similar affinity to overlapping epitopes on CD20.

Pharmacodynamics

In patients with CLL, GAZYVA caused CD19 B-cell depletion (defined as CD19 B cell counts < 0.07 x 10⁹/L). Initial CD19 B cell recovery was observed in some patients approximately 9 months after the last GAZYVA dose. At 18 months of follow-up, some patients remain B cell depleted.

Although the depletion of B cells in the peripheral blood is a measurable pharmacodynamic effect, it is not directly correlated with the depletion of B-cells in solid organs or in malignant deposits. B cell depletion has not been shown to be directly correlated to clinical response.

Cardiac Electrophysiology

The potential effects of GAZYVA on the QTc interval have not been studied.

Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetic parameters of obinutuzumab after 100 mg on day 1 and 900 mg on day 2 of Cycle 1, 1,000 mg on day 8 and 15 of Cycle 1, and 1,000 mg on day 1 of Cycles 2–6 for CLL and after 1,000 mg on day 1, 8 and 15 of Cycle 1, 1,000 mg on day 1 of Cycles 2-6 or Cycles 2-8, and then 1,000 mg every 2 months for up to 2 years for NHL are provided in Table 10. The dosing regimen is within the linear pharmacokinetic behavior of obinutuzumab.

Table 10 : Obinutuzumab Measures of Exposure

The elimination of obinutuzumab is comprised of a linear clearance pathway and a time-dependent non-linear clearance pathway. As GAZYVA treatment progresses, the impact of the time-dependent pathway diminishes in a manner suggesting target-mediated drug disposition (TMDD) and saturation of the TMDD at the end of the treatment cycle at the proposed clinical dose regimen. The pharmacokinetic properties of obinutuzumab in patients with CLL and NHL are provided in Table 11.

Table 11 : Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Obinutuzumab

Specific Populations

Age (median [range]: 63 [22, 89] years) and baseline creatinine clearance (CLcr) (median [range] 84 [22, > 120] mL/min) did not affect the pharmacokinetics of GAZYVA. In patients with CLcr ≤ 30 mL/min, the pharmacokinetics of GAZYVA was unaffected. GAZYVA has not been studied in patients with hepatic impairment.

The volume of distribution and steady-state clearance increased with body weight; however, the expected change in exposure does not warrant a dose modification.

Clinical Studies

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

The efficacy of GAZYVA was evaluated in a three-arm, open-label, active-controlled, randomized, multicenter trial (CLL11; NCT01010061) in 781 patients with previously untreated CD20+ CLL requiring treatment who had coexisting medical conditions or reduced renal function as measured by creatinine clearance (CLcr) < 70 mL/min. Patients with CLcr < 30 mL/min, active infections, positive hepatitis B (HBsAg or anti-HBc positive; patients positive for anti-HBc could be included if hepatitis B viral DNA was not detectable) and hepatitis C serology, or immunization with live virus vaccine within 28 days prior to randomization were excluded from the trial. Patients were treated with chlorambucil control (Arm 1), GAZYVA in combination with chlorambucil (Arm 2), or rituximab product in combination with chlorambucil (Arm 3). The safety and efficacy of GAZYVA was evaluated in a Stage 1 comparison of Arm 1 vs. Arm 2 in 356 patients and a Stage 2 comparison of Arm 2 vs. Arm 3 in 663 patients.

The majority of patients received 1,000 mg of GAZYVA on days 1, 8 and 15 of the first cycle, followed by treatment on the first day of 5 subsequent cycles (total of 6 cycles, 28 days each). The first dose of GAZYVA was divided between day 1 (100 mg) and day 2 (900 mg) [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION], which was implemented in 140 patients. Chlorambucil was given orally at 0.5 mg/kg on day 1 and day 15 of all treatment cycles (1 to 6).

In CLL11, the median age was 73 years, 62% were male, and 95% were White. Sixty-five percent had a CLcr < 70 mL/min and 76% had multiple coexisting medical conditions. Twenty-two percent of patients were Binet stage A, 42% were stage B, and 36% were stage C. The median estimated CLcr was 62 mL/min. Eighty-one percent of patients treated with GAZYVA in combination with chlorambucil received all 6 cycles compared to 89% of patients in the rituximab product treated arm and 67% in the chlorambucil alone arm.

In the Stage 1 analysis of CLL11, the median progression-free survival (PFS) in the GAZYVA in combination with chlorambucil arm was 27.2 months and 11.2 months in the chlorambucil alone arm (median observation time 22.8 months) as assessed by independent review and is consistent with investigator-assessed PFS. The median overall survival (OS) was not yet reached with a total of 46 deaths: 22 (9%) in the GAZYVA in combination with chlorambucil arm and 24 (20%) in the chlorambucil arm. The hazard ratio for OS was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.23-0.74).

In the Stage 2 analysis of CLL11, the median PFS was 26.7 months in the GAZYVA arm and 14.9 months in the rituximab product arm with a median observation time of 18.7 months (HR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.33-0.54, p-value < 0.0001). These results were assessed by independent review and are consistent with investigator-assessed PFS. Minimal residual disease (MRD) was evaluated using allele-specific oligonucleotide polymerase chain reaction (ASO-PCR). The cutoff for a negative status was one CLL cell per 104 leukocytes in the sample (i.e., an MRD value of < 10-4 was considered negative). Among patients who achieved complete response (CR) and complete response with incomplete marrow recovery (CRi; 94 patients in the GAZYVA arm and 34 patients in the rituximab product arm), 18 patients (19%) had negative MRD in the bone marrow in the GAZYVA arm compared to 2 patients (6%) in the rituximab product arm. Out of the patients who achieved CR and CRi, 39 patients (41%) in the GAZYVA arm, and 4 patients (12%) in the rituximab product arm were MRD negative in peripheral blood samples collected at least 3 months after the end of treatment.

Efficacy results are shown in Table 12 and Figures 1 and 2.

Table 12 : Efficacy Results from CLL11

Figure 1 : Kaplan-Meier Curve of Overall Survival in Patients with CLL in CLL11 (Stage 1)

Figure 2 : Kaplan-Meier Curve of Progression-Free Survival in Patients with CLL in CLL11 (Stage 2)

Follicular Lymphoma

GADOLIN

The efficacy of GAZYVA was evaluated in GADOLIN (NCT01059630), an open-label, multicenter, randomized study that included 335 patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) who had no response to or have progressed during or within 6 months of rituximab product or a rituximab product-containing regimen. These patients were randomized to receive either bendamustine alone (n = 171) or GAZYVA in combination with bendamustine (n = 164) for 6 cycles, each of 28 days duration. Patients in the GAZYVA plus bendamustine arm who did not have disease progression [patients with a complete response (CR), partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD)] at the end of the 6 cycles continued receiving GAZYVA monotherapy for 2 years. Patients were stratified according to the type of refractoriness to rituximab product (refractory to rituximab product monotherapy versus rituximab product in combination with chemotherapy), the number of prior therapies (≤ 2 versus > 2), and geographic region.

GAZYVA was given by intravenous infusion as a flat dose of 1,000 mg on Days 1, 8 and 15 of Cycle 1, on Day 1 of Cycles 2–6, and then every 2 months until disease progression for up to 2 years. Bendamustine was given intravenously on Days 1 and 2 for all treatment cycles (1–6) at 90 mg/m²/day when given in combination with GAZYVA or 120 mg/m²/day when given alone.

The primary analysis included 321 FL patients, including 166 patients randomized to bendamustine alone and 155 patients randomized to GAZYVA in combination with bendamustine. In the primary analysis, patients had a median age of 63 years, 88% were White and 56% were male. Thirty-four percent had bulky disease (> 6 cm), 15% had at least one B-symptom at baseline and 95% had an ECOG performance status of 0–1 at baseline. The median time since initial diagnosis was 3 years and the median number of prior therapies was 2 (range 1 to 10). Forty-six percent of patients received 1 prior therapy and 33% of patients received 2 prior therapies. Twenty percent of patients were refractory to prior rituximab product monotherapy, 37% of patients were refractory to prior rituximab product plus chemotherapy induction treatment, and 41% of patients were refractory to rituximab product maintenance treatment received following rituximab product plus chemotherapy induction. Seventy-nine percent of patients were refractory to both rituximab product and an alkylating agent during any prior regimen (double refractory).

The major efficacy outcome measure was PFS as determined by an independent review committee (IRC). At the time of the primary analysis, median observation time was 21.1 months. The median PFS in the bendamustine arm was 13.8 months. Median PFS was not reached in the GAZYVA plus bendamustine arm (PFS HR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.34-0.68; stratified log-rank test p-value < 0.0001). The investigator assessed PFS result was consistent with the IRC-assessed PFS. The median investigator-assessed PFS in the bendamustine arm was 13.7 months and the median in the GAZYVA containing arm was 29.2 months (PFS HR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.35-0.67; stratified log-rank test p-value < 0.0001).

Efficacy results are summarized in Table 13. The Kaplan-Meier curve for IRC-PFS is shown in Figure 3.

Table 13 : Primary Analysis Efficacy Results from GADOLIN^{a, b}

Figure 3 : Kaplan-Meier Curve of IRC-Assessed Progression-Free Survival in Patients with FL

The final analysis included a total of 335 patients with 171 randomized to bendamustine alone and 164 to GAZYVA in combination with bendamustine. With an overall median observation time of 52.2 months (range: 0-100.9 months), there were 66 deaths (40.2%) in the GAZYVA arm and 85 deaths (51.3%) in the bendamustine-alone arm (OS HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.51, 0.98). The Kaplan-Meier curve for OS is presented in Figure 4.

Figure 4 : Kaplan-Meier Curve of Overall Survival in Patients with FL

GALLIUM

The efficacy of GAZYVA was evaluated in GALLIUM (NCT01332968), a multicenter, open-label, randomized study that included 1202 patients with previously untreated, stage II bulky, III or IV FL. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either GAZYVA (n = 601) or rituximab product (n = 601) in combination with chemotherapy (CHOP, CVP, or bendamustine) for 6–8 cycles. Patients were stratified by chemotherapy (selected by each site; all patients at that site received the chosen chemotherapy regimen), FLIPI (Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index) risk group and geographic region. Patients with at least PR to combination therapy received monotherapy with GAZYVA (1,000 mg) or rituximab product every two months until disease progression or for a maximum of two years. The study excluded patients with follicular lymphoma grade 3b or transformed disease; patients having an ANC < 1500 / μL, platelets < 75,000 / μL, or CLcr < 40 mL/min; and patients with hepatic transaminases > 2.5 x upper limit of normal unless attributable to lymphoma.

GAZYVA was given by intravenous infusion as a flat dose of 1,000 mg on Days 1, 8 and 15 of Cycle 1 and Day 1 of subsequent treatment cycles.

GAZYVA and bendamustine were given in six 28-day cycles. Bendamustine was administered at 90 mg/m²/day on Days 1 and 2 of each cycle, with prednisone 100 mg orally or equivalent on Day 1 of Cycle 1.

GAZYVA and CHOP were given in six 21-day cycles. Subsequently, two additional cycles of GAZYVA were given for a total of 8 GAZYVA cycles. CHOP consisted of cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m² intravenously, doxorubicin 50 mg/m², and vincristine 1.4 mg/m² (maximum dose, 2 mg) on Day 1 and prednisone 100 mg orally on Days 1-5.

GAZYVA and CVP were given in eight 21-day cycles. CVP consisted of cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m² intravenously and vincristine 1.4 mg/m² (maximum dose, 2 mg) on Day 1 and prednisone 100 mg orally on Days 1-5.

Patients had a median age of 59 years, 81% were White and 53% were female; 7% had Stage II, 35% had Stage III, and 56% had Stage IV disease, with 44% having bulky disease (≥ 7 cm) overall; 79% had a FLIPI score of > 2; and 97% had an ECOG performance status of 0–1. The chemotherapy was bendamustine in 57%, CHOP in 33%, and CVP in 10% of patients.

Efficacy was based on PFS per IRC, with a median observation time of 38 months. Upon interim analysis, the risk of progression or death was significantly reduced in the GAZYVA containing arm compared to the rituximab product containing arm (Table 14). Kaplan-Meier curves for PFS are shown in Figure 5. Overall response and complete remission rates were similar.

Table 14 : Efficacy in Previously Untreated Follicular Lymphoma (GALLIUM)

Figure 5 : Kaplan-Meier Curves of Progression Free Survival in Patients with Previously Untreated FL

PATIENT INFORMATION

Advise patients to seek immediate medical attention for any of the following:

• Signs and symptoms of infusion-related reactions including dizziness, nausea, chills, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, breathing problems, or chest pain [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and ADVERSE REACTIONS].
• Symptoms of tumor lysis syndrome such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and ADVERSE REACTIONS].
• Signs of infections including fever and cough [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and ADVERSE REACTIONS].
• Symptoms of hepatitis including worsening fatigue or yellow discoloration of skin or eyes [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
• New or changes in neurological symptoms such as confusion, dizziness or loss of balance, difficulty talking or walking, or vision problems [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

Advise patients of the need for:

• Periodic monitoring of blood counts [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and ADVERSE REACTIONS].
• Avoid vaccinations with live viral vaccines [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
• Patients with a history of hepatitis B infection (based on the blood test) should be monitored and sometimes treated for their hepatitis [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].

Advise pregnant women of potential fetal B-cell depletion. Advise females of reproductive potential to inform their healthcare provider of a known or suspected pregnancy [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS, Use In Specific Populations].

Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with GAZYVA and for at least 6 months after the last dose [see Use In Specific Populations].

Advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with GAZYVA and for at least 6 months after the last dose [see Use In Specific Populations].