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Definition of Clostridium perfringens
Medically reviewed by Min Clinic Staff | Updated: January 2026
Clostridium perfringens: A bacterium that is the most common cause of gas gangrene, a lethal infection of soft tissue, especially muscle. C. perfringens bacteria are toxin- and gas-producing bacteria. Before the introduction of antibiotics, a significant percentage of battlefield injuries were complicated by gas gangrene. C. perfringens also causes food poisoning and a fulminant form of bowel disease called necrotizing colitis. Formerly known as C. welchii.