Cortrosyn
Cortrosyn - General Information
A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of adrenocorticotropic hormone. ACTH (1-24), a segment similar in all species, contains the biological activity that stimulates production of corticosteroids in the adrenal cortex.
Pharmacology of Cortrosyn
Cortrosyn exhibits the full corticosteroidogenic activity of natural ACTH. Various studies have shown that the biologic activity of ACTH resides in the N- terminal portion of the molecule and that the 1-20 amino acid residue is the minimal sequence retaining full activity. Partial or complete loss of activity is noted with progressive shortening of the chain beyond 20 amino acid residue. For example, the decrement from 20 to 19 results in a 70% loss of potency. The pharmacologic profile of Cortrosyn is similar to that of purified natural ACTH. It has been established that 0.25 mg of Cortrosyn will stimulate the adrenal cortex maximally and to the same extent as 25 units of natural ACTH. Cortrosyn has less immunogenic activity than ACTH because the amino acid sequence having most of the antigenic activity of ACTH, i.e., amino acids 25-39, is not present in cosyntropin. The extra-adrenal effects which natural ACTH and Cortrosyn have in common include increased melanotropic activity, increased growth hormone secretion and an adipokinetic effect. These are considered to be without physiological or clinical significance.
Cortrosyn for patients
Cortrosyn Interactions
Corticotropin may accentuate the electrolyte loss associated with diuretic therapy.
Cortrosyn Contraindications
The only contraindication to Cortrosyn® is a history of a previous adverse reaction to it.
Additional information about Cortrosyn
Cortrosyn Indication: For use as a diagnostic agent in the screening of patients presumed to have adrenocortical insufficiency.
Mechanism Of Action: Cortrosyn combines with a specific receptor in the adrenal cell plasma membrane and, in patients with normal adrenocortical function, stimulates the initial reaction involved in the synthesis of adrenal steroids (including cortisol, cortisone, weak androgenic substances, and a limited quantity of aldosterone) from cholesterol by increasing the quantity of the substrate within the mitochondria. Cortrosyn does not significantly increase plasma cortisol concentration in patients with primary or secondary adrenocortical insufficiency.
Drug Interactions: Not Available
Food Interactions: Not Available
Generic Name: Cosyntropin
Synonyms: Tetracosactide
Drug Category: Diagnostic Agents
Drug Type: Biotech; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Cosyntropin: Cortrosyn; Synacthen depot;
Absorption: Rapidly absorbed following intramuscular administration.
Toxicity (Overdose): Not Available
Protein Binding: Not Available
Biotransformation: Not Available
Half Life: About 15 minutes following intravenous administration.
Dosage Forms of Cortrosyn: Powder, for solution Intravenous
Liquid Intramuscular
Chemical IUPAC Name: (2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2R)-2-[[(2R)-2-[[(2R)-6-amino-2-[[(2R)-6-amino-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoyl)amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]-5-hydroxy-5-oxopentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-cyclohexylpropanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]hexanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Chemical Formula: C136H210N40O31S
Cosyntropin on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosyntropin
Organisms Affected: Humans and other mammals