Apo-Chlorpropamide
Apo-Chlorpropamide - General Information
A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)
Pharmacology of Apo-Chlorpropamide
Apo-Chlorpropamide, a second-generation sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent, is used with diet to lower blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus type II. Apo-Chlorpropamide is twice as potent as the related second-generation agent glipizide.
Apo-Chlorpropamide for patients
Apo-Chlorpropamide Interactions
The hypoglycemic action of sulfonylurea may be potentiated by certain drugs including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and other drugs that are highly protein bound, salicylates, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, probenecid, coumarins, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and beta adrenergic blocking agents. When such drugs are administered to a patient receiving DIABINESE, the patient should be observed closely for hypoglycemia. When such drugs are withdrawn from a patient receiving DIABINESE, the patient should be observed closely for loss of control.
Certain drugs tend to produce hyperglycemia and may lead to loss of control. These drugs include the thiazides and other diuretics, corticosteroids, phenothiazines, thyroid products, estrogens, oral contraceptives, phenytoin, nicotinic acid, sympathomimetics, calcium channel blocking drugs, and isoniazid. When such drugs are administered to a patient receiving DIABINESE, the patient should be closely observed for loss of control. When such drugs are withdrawn from a patient receiving DIABINESE, the patient should be observed closely for hypoglycemia.
Since animal studies suggest that the action of barbiturates may be prolonged by therapy with chlorpropamide, barbiturates should be employed with caution. In some patients, a disulfiram-like reaction may be produced by the ingestion of alcohol.
A potential interaction between oral miconazole and oral hypoglycemic agents leading to severe hypoglycemia has been reported. Whether this interaction also occurs with the intravenous, topical, or vaginal preparations of miconazole is not known.
Apo-Chlorpropamide Contraindications
DIABINESE is contraindicated in patients with:
1. Known hypersensitivity to the drug.
2. Diabetic ketoacidosis, with or without coma. This condition should be treated with insulin.
Additional information about Apo-Chlorpropamide
Apo-Chlorpropamide Indication: For managing hyperglycemia in Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM).
Mechanism Of Action: Sulfonylureas such as Apo-Chlorpropamide likely bind to ATP-sensitive potassium-channel receptors on the pancreatic cell surface, reducing potassium conductance and causing depolarization of the membrane. Depolarization stimulates calcium ion influx through voltage-sensitive calcium channels, raising intracellular concentrations of calcium ions, which induces the secretion, or exocytosis, of insulin.
Drug Interactions: Acebutolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Aspirin The salicylate increases the effect of sulfonylurea
Atenolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Betaxolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Bevantolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Bismuth The salicylate increases the effect of sulfonylurea
Bisoprolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Carteolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Carvedilol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Chloramphenicol The agent increases the effect of sulfonylurea
Clofibrate The agent increases the effect of sulfonylurea
Diazoxide Diazoxyde/sulfonylurea: antagonism of action
Dicumarol The agent increase the effect of sulfonylurea
Esmolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Glucosamine Possible hyperglycemia
Isocarboxazid The MAO inhibitor increases the effect of hypoglycemic agent
Labetalol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Metoprolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Nadolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Penbutolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Phenelzine The MAO inhibitor increases the effect of hypoglycemic agent
Phenylbutazone Phenylbutazone increases the effect of the hypoglycemic agent
Pindolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Practolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Propranolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Repaglinide Similar mode of action-questionable association
Rifampin Rifampin decreases the effect of sulfonylurea
Salsalate The salicylate increases the effect of sulfonylurea
Sotalol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Sulfacytine Sulfonamide/sulfonylurea: possible hypoglycemia
Sulfadiazine Sulfonamide/sulfonylurea: possible hypoglycemia
Sulfadoxine Sulfonamide/sulfonylurea: possible hypoglycemia
Sulfamethizole Sulfonamide/sulfonylurea: possible hypoglycemia
Sulfamethoxazole Sulfonamide/sulfonylurea: possible hypoglycemia
Sulfapyridine Sulfonamide/sulfonylurea: possible hypoglycemia
Sulfasalazine Sulfonamide/sulfonylurea: possible hypoglycemia
Sulfisoxazole Sulfonamide/sulfonylurea: possible hypoglycemia
Timolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Tranylcypromine The MAO inhibitor increases the effect of hypoglycemic agent
Trisalicylate-choline The salicylate increases the effect of sulfonylurea
Oxprenolol The beta-blocker decreases the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Sulfamerazine Sulfonamide/sulfonylurea: possible hypoglycemia
Sulfamethazine Sulfonamide/sulfonylurea: possible hypoglycemia
Food Interactions: Take without regard to meals.
Avoid alcohol.
Food reduces the rate of absorption.
Generic Name: Chlorpropamide
Synonyms: Not Available
Drug Category: Hypoglycemic Agents; Sulfonylureas
Drug Type: Small Molecule; Approved
Other Brand Names containing Chlorpropamide: Adiaben; Apo-Chlorpropamide; Asucrol; Catanil; Chlorodiabina; Chloronase; Chloropropamide; Chlorpropamid; Chlorpropamide Bp/ Usp; Clorpropamide; Diabaril; Diabechlor; Diabenal; Diabenese; Diabeneza; Diabet-Pages; Diabetoral; Diabinese; Diamel Ex; Dynalase; Glisema; Glucamide; Insulase; Meldian; Melitase; Mellinese; Millinese; Novo-Propamide; Oradian; Stabinol;
Absorption: Not Available
Toxicity (Overdose): IPN-RAT LD50 580 mg/kg
Protein Binding: Not Available
Biotransformation: Not Available
Half Life: 36 hours
Dosage Forms of Apo-Chlorpropamide: Tablet Oral
Chemical IUPAC Name: 1-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl-3-propylurea
Chemical Formula: C10H13ClN2O3S
Chlorpropamide on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorpropamide
Organisms Affected: Humans and other mammals
